This bibliographical study aimed to describe the demands of puerperal women with puerperal mental disorders. It is believed that this research would allow to give visibility to this theme, as well as to identify nursing diagnoses and interventions for these conditions. The puerperal mental disorders are Dysphoria, the most frequent, followed by Depression and Psychosis. In these cases, there is an emotional maladjustment characterized by anxiety, sadness, lack of initiative, interest, energy and difficulty in caring for the child, easy crying, hopelessness, delirious manifestations, persecutory ideas hallucinations, disorganized behavior and disorientation with strong risk of suicide and infanticide. Treatment consists in professional / family emotional support, constant monitoring of mother and child, use of antidepressants, psychotherapy, and psychiatric hospitalizations in severe cases. We conclude that these disorders are often diagnosed in delay and are not given importance by the health staff. Therefore, the nurse must pay attention to the symptomatology of these disorders and invest in both prevention and early detection and in the implementation of specific cares.