Dependence of optimal seed bubble size on pressure amplitude at therapeutic pressure levels

Carvell, Kelsey J.; Bigelow, Timothy A.

doi:10.1016/j.ultras.2010.06.005

Cited by 22 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Cavitational effects as a result of creating microcavities in the adipose tissue with consequent cell destruction and fat liquefaction are considered the most important mechanism through which ultrasound (US) disrupts tissue. This occurs at low-tomoderate pressure amplitudes (\1 MPa), with an inverse dependency on the frequency [15,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Noninvasive Body Contouring: Biological and Aesthetic Effects of Low-Frequency, Low-Intensity Ultrasound Device

et al. 2014

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Noninvasive Body Contouring: Biological and Aesthetic Effects of Low-Frequency, Low-Intensity Ultrasound Device

et al. 2014

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“…Acoustic cavitation is further divided into stable and transient types. The pulsation of cavitation bubbles over numerous acoustic pressure cycles without collapse is known as stable cavitation (6), whereas transient cavitation is rapid and uncontrolled bubble growth over several pressure cycles, leading to the eventual collapse into smaller bubbles (1). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibitory effects of subcutaneous tumors in nude mice mediated by low-frequency ultrasound and microbubbles

Shen¹,

Shen²,

Diao³

et al. 2014

Oncology Letters

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The aim of the present study was to investigate the sonication effects of 21-kHz ultrasound (US) with microbubbles (MBs) on the subcutaneous prostate tumors of nude mice. In total, 15 tumor-bearing nude mice were divided into three groups: The control group, the low-frequency US group and the US+MB group. The MBs used were from US contrast agent SonoVue. The parameters of the US were as follows: 21 kHz, 26 mW/cm2 and a 40% duty cycle (2 sec on, 3 sec off) for 3 min, once every other day for 2 weeks. Color Doppler flow imaging, hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, immunoblotting and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to evaluate the results. Following 2 weeks of treatment, the blood flow signal disappeared in the US+MB group only, and the tumor size was smaller when compared with the control and US groups. For the immunoblotting, the intensity of cyclooxygenase-2 and vascular endothelial growth factor in the US+MB group was lower compared with the other two groups. Tumor necrosis was present and the nucleus disappeared upon HE staining in the US+MB group. Upon TEM analysis, increased cytoplasmic vacuolation and dilatation of the perinuclear cisternae of the tumor cells were found in the US+MB group. In the control and US groups, the tumors had intact vascular endothelia and vessel lumens. However, lumen occlusion of the vessels was observed in the US+MB group. In conclusion, 21-kHz low-intensity US with MBs may result in vessel occlusion and growth inhibitory effects in the subcutaneous tumors of nude mice.

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“…Acoustic cavitation is divided into stable and transient cavitation. Bubbles pulsating over numerous acoustic propagation cycles without collapse is classified as stable cavitation, whereas transient cavitation is classified as intense and fast bubble expansion over several acoustic wave cycles, leading to the eventual collapse into smaller bubbles (31,32). In the US field, when bubbles pass through blood vessels, the bubbles grow and contract in response to the acoustic wave, in accordance with the changing acoustic pressure over time, and these volumetric oscillations are important in their effect on the therapeutic process (33).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of low-frequency low-intensity ultrasound-mediated microvessel disruption on prostate cancer xenografts in nude mice using an orthogonal experimental design

Bai

Chen

et al. 2015

Oncology Letters

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Abstract. The present study aimed to provide a complete exploration of the effect of sound intensity, frequency, duty cycle, microbubble volume and irradiation time on low-frequency low-intensity ultrasound (US)-mediated microvessel disruption, and to identify an optimal combination of the five factors that maximize the blockage effect. An orthogonal experimental design approach was used. Enhanced US imaging and acoustic quantification were performed to assess tumor blood perfusion. In the confirmatory test, in addition to acoustic quantification, the specimens of the tumor were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and observed using light microscopy. The results revealed that sound intensity, frequency, duty cycle, microbubble volume and irradiation time had a significant effect on the average peak intensity (API). The extent of the impact of the variables on the API was in the following order: Sound intensity; frequency; duty cycle; microbubble volume; and irradiation time. The optimum conditions were found to be as follows: Sound intensity, 1.00 W/cm 2 ; frequency, 20 Hz; duty cycle, 40%; microbubble volume, 0.20 ml; and irradiation time, 3 min. In the confirmatory test, the API was 19.97±2.66 immediately subsequent to treatment, and histological examination revealed signs of tumor blood vessel injury in the optimum parameter combination group. In conclusion, the Taguchi L 18 (3) 6 orthogonal array design was successfully applied for determining the optimal parameter combination of API following treatment. Under the optimum orthogonal design condition, a minimum API of 19.97±2.66 subsequent to low-frequency and low-intensity mediated blood perfusion blockage was obtained.

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Dependence of optimal seed bubble size on pressure amplitude at therapeutic pressure levels

Cited by 22 publications

References 38 publications

Noninvasive Body Contouring: Biological and Aesthetic Effects of Low-Frequency, Low-Intensity Ultrasound Device

Noninvasive Body Contouring: Biological and Aesthetic Effects of Low-Frequency, Low-Intensity Ultrasound Device

Inhibitory effects of subcutaneous tumors in nude mice mediated by low-frequency ultrasound and microbubbles

Optimization of low-frequency low-intensity ultrasound-mediated microvessel disruption on prostate cancer xenografts in nude mice using an orthogonal experimental design

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