Dental pulp cell bank as a possible future source of individual hepatocytes

Ohkoshi, Shogo; Hirono, Haruka; Nakahara, Taka; Ishikawa, Hiroshi

doi:10.4254/wjh.v10.i10.702

Cited by 25 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(44 reference statements)

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“…Though this is a fascinating approach, its clinical translation confronts scientists and clinicians with considerable challenges. To obtain cells, an additional, healthy tooth needs to be discarded (e.g., a deciduous tooth, permanent teeth to be removed for orthodontic reasons or wisdom teeth in need of removal) or cells would have to be stored in a cell bank beforehand [ 76 , 78 ].The isolation and expansion of cells requires a lot of time, sophisticated laboratory techniques and is, thus, associated with high costs. Therefore, the concept of in situ tissue engineering has drawn more attention in this field over the last years.…”

Section: Regeneration and Repair In The Dentin–pulp Complexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endodontic regeneration: hard shell, soft core

Widbiller

Schmalz

2020

Odontology

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A loss of organs or the destruction of tissue leaves wounds to which organisms and living things react differently. Their response depends on the extent of damage, the functional impairment and the biological potential of the organism. Some can completely regenerate lost body parts or tissues, whereas others react by forming scars in the sense of a tissue repair. Overall, the regenerative capacities of the human body are limited and only a few tissues are fully restored when injured. Dental tissues may suffer severe damage due to various influences such as caries or trauma; however, dental care aims at preserving unharmed structures and, thus, the functionality of the teeth. The dentin–pulp complex, a vital compound tissue that is enclosed by enamel, holds many important functions and is particularly worth protecting. It reacts physiologically to deleterious impacts with an interplay of regenerative and reparative processes to ensure its functionality and facilitate healing. While there were initially no biological treatment options available for the irreversible destruction of dentin or pulp, many promising approaches for endodontic regeneration based on the principles of tissue engineering have been developed in recent years. This review describes the regenerative and reparative processes of the dentin–pulp complex as well as the morphological criteria of possible healing results. Furthermore, it summarizes the current knowledge on tissue engineering of dentin and pulp, and potential future developments in this thriving field.

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Section: Regeneration and Repair In The Dentin–pulp Complexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endodontic regeneration: hard shell, soft core

Widbiller

Schmalz

2020

Odontology

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“…Yamaza also reported that the spleen transplantation of SHED significantly improved CCl4 induced cirrhosis, inflammation and fibrosis of rats [12]. SHED was also reported to differentiate into hepatocytes in vitro,indicating that SHED maybe the proper stem cells for treat hepatitis [13]. In view of the above effects of SHED, we wonder whether the non-traumatically collected stem cells-SHED can block the occurrence of autoimmune hepatitis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

SHED ameliorated concanavalin A-induced autoimmune hepatitis by protecting hepatocytes from apoptosis

Zhou¹,

Yang²,

Zhu³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background：Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is serious autoimmune liver diseases that threaten people’s health worldwide, emphasizing the need to identify novel treatment. Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED), which is easy to obtain and non-invasive, showed pronounced proliferation and immunomodulation capacity. This study aims to investigate the effect of SHED on ConA-induced AIH and the potential underlying mechanisms.Methods: We used a concanavalin A (ConA) induced acute hepatitis mouse model and in vitro co-culture system to study the protective effects of SHED on ConA-induced autoimmune hepatitis and the underlying mechanisms.Results: SHED infusion could prevent aberrant histopathological architecture of liver with infiltration of abundant of CD3+, CD4+, TNF-α+ and IFN-γ+ inflammatory cells induced by ConA. The expression of ALT and AST which indicated the liver function significantly elevated in hepatitis mice. While SHED infusion could block the elevation of ALT and AST induced by ConA. Mechanistically, Con-A upregulated TNF-α and IFN-γ expression activated NF-κB pathways to induced hepatocyte apoptosis, resulting in acute liver injury. SHED administration protected hepatocytes from Con-A-induced apoptosis. Conclusions: These results demonstrated that SHED alleviated ConA-induced acute liver injury via inhibition of hepatocyte apoptosis mediated by the NF-κB pathways. Our findings could provide a potential prevention and therapeutic strategy for hepatitis and acute hepatic injury.

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“…The dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs, also known as dental pulp-derived mesenchymal stem cells [MSCs]) [11,12], based on their multiple regenerative effects including paracrine signaling, immunomodulation, and immunosuppression [13][14][15][16], are considered part of the stem cell compartment and an alternative cell source of medical signaling cells [17,18]. Dental pulp is a readily accessible donor-tissue resource obtained by routine tooth extraction; therefore, DPSCs present a safe and minimally invasive MSC source for therapeutic applications and cell bank storage for future use [19][20][21][22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Type I collagen facilitates safe and reliable expansion of human dental pulp stem cells in xenogeneic serum-free culture

2020

Self Cite

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Background: Human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are a readily accessible and promising cell source for regenerative medicine. We recently reported that a xenogeneic serum-free culture medium (XFM) is preferable to fetal bovine serum-containing culture medium for ex vivo expansion of DPSCs; however, we observed that, upon reaching overconfluence, XFM cells developed a multilayered structure and frequently underwent apoptotic death, resulting in reduced cell yield. Therefore, we focused on optimization of the XFM culture system to avoid the undesirable death of DPSCs. Methods: We selected type I collagen (COL) as the optimal coating substrate for the cultureware and compared DPSCs cultured on COL in XFM (COL-XFM cells) to the conventional XFM cultures (XFM cells). Results: Our results demonstrated that COL coating facilitated significantly higher rates of cell isolation and growth; upon reaching overconfluence, cell survival and sustained proliferative potential resulted in twofold yield compared to the XFM cells. Surprisingly, after subculturing the overconfluent COL-XFM cultures, the cells retained stem cell behavior including stable cell growth, multidifferentiation potential, stem cell phenotype, and chromosomal stability, which was achieved through HIF-1α-dependent production and uniform distribution of collagen type I and its interactions with integrins α2β1 and α11β1 at overconfluency. In contrast, cells undergoing apoptotic death within overconfluent XFM cultures had disorganized mitochondria with membrane depolarization. Conclusion: The use of COL as a coating substrate promises safe and reliable handling of DPSCs in XFM culture, allowing translational stem cell medicine to achieve stable isolation, expansion, and banking of donor-derived stem cells.

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Dental pulp cell bank as a possible future source of individual hepatocytes

Cited by 25 publications

References 41 publications

Endodontic regeneration: hard shell, soft core

Endodontic regeneration: hard shell, soft core

SHED ameliorated concanavalin A-induced autoimmune hepatitis by protecting hepatocytes from apoptosis

Type I collagen facilitates safe and reliable expansion of human dental pulp stem cells in xenogeneic serum-free culture

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