Density of cigarette retailers around educational facilities in Indonesia

Adisasmito, Wiku; Amir, Vilda; Atin, A.; Megraini, Amila; Kusuma, Dian

doi:10.5588/ijtld.19.0686

Cited by 10 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Studies have shown high visibility of outdoor tobacco advertising around educational facilities in Surabaya city (East Java) and Semarang city (Central Java) (Megatsari, Ridlo, Amir, & Kusuma, 2019;Nurjanah et al, 2020). Another study has also shown a higher density of cigarette retailers around formal and informal educational facilities in Depok city (West Java) (Adisasmito et al, 2020). Moreover, we also found significant educational disparities in smoking only among women with districts in the most educated quintile had lower smoking prevalence.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Hotspots and Regional Variation in Smoking Prevalence Among 514 Districts in Indonesia: Analysis of Basic Health Research 2018

Hapsari¹,

Nainggolan²,

Kusuma³

2020

GJHS

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BACKGROUND: The prevalence among adult men in Indonesia is among the highest in the world. Objective: Our study examines the hotspots and regional variation in smoking prevalence among 514 districts in Indonesia. METHODS: Taking advantage of the latest national health survey (Basic Health Research, Riskesdas 2018), which included smoking prevalence representative at the district level. We assessed the smoking prevalence among male and female adults (15+ years) and youth (13-14 years). We conducted geospatial analyses, using ArcMap 10.6, including quintile analysis (mapping the smoking prevalence by quintile for each district) and hotspot analysis (using Getis-Ord Gi* statistics to produce the hotspots, areas with a significantly higher density of advertisements). We also conducted quantitative analyses, using Stata 15.1, on geographic disparity, including region and urbanicity. RESULTS: We found huge disparity in smoking prevalence between districts, ranging from 9 to 81% for men, 0 to 50% for, 0 to 41% for women, and 0 to 50% for girls. We found up to 62 and 47 smoking hotspots among males and females, respectively. The poorest districts had significantly higher smoking prevalence among men but lower smoking prevalence among boys, and less educated districts had higher smoking prevalence among women. CONCLUSION: There were significant hotspots and regional variations among 514 districts in Indonesia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Hotspots and Regional Variation in Smoking Prevalence Among 514 Districts in Indonesia: Analysis of Basic Health Research 2018

Hapsari¹,

Nainggolan²,

Kusuma³

2020

GJHS

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“…Our study is in line with a study in Thailand that reported tobacco retailers were more densely located around schools 18 and a study in Depok, Indonesia that reported a 40% higher density of cigarette retailers in areas closer to educational facilities. 14…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…25,26 As an example, a proposal to ban cigarette sales within 100 m from schools is currently with the Sri Lankan parliament as an amendment to the National Authority on Tobacco and Alcohol Act 2006. 14 A study in India recommended tobacco sales ban near educational institutions to be expanded beyond 100 m to reduce retailer density. 19 A study in Bali also suggests a tobacco sales ban within 500 m from facilities, as it may deliver the greatest impact on reducing smoking prevalence among adolescents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12 Also, another study reported that the density of outdoor tobacco advertisements in urban settings was greater than in rural settings, 13 indicating that children and adolescents in urban may have higher exposure to tobacco advertisements and products. Moreover, in urban settings, a study in Depok city (West Java province) found 40% higher density cigarette retailers close to educational facilities 14 ; also a study in Denpasar city (Bali province) reported that 96.8% of schools have at least one cigarette retailer within a 250 m radius. 15 In rural settings, a study in Banyuwangi district (East Java province) reported 100% of sampled schools had at least one cigarette retailer within 250 m. 16 However, the previous studies have at least three limitations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Density of Cigarette Retailers Near Facilities for Children and Adolescents in Urban and Rural Areas in Indonesia: A Geospatial Analysis

Dewi

Puspikawati

Astutik

et al. 2022

Asia Pac J Public Health

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The lack of regulation banning cigarette retailers near facilities for children and adolescents has made cigarettes easily accessible to youth in Indonesia. This study aimed to investigate the density of cigarette retailer near children and adolescent facilities in urban and rural areas in the country. We mapped all cigarette retailers and facilities for children and adolescents in Surabaya city (urban) and Banyuwangi district (rural) in East Java province. All types of facilities for children and adolescents and retailers visible from the streets in the study areas were mapped. We conducted geospatial analysis of the density of retailers to the facilities for children and adolescents in QGIS 2.8 and STATA 14. We found that the density of cigarette retailers was 81% higher in the areas within 100 m from the facilities for children and adolescents, compared with the areas within 100 to 250 m from facilities. We also found that the density of cigarette retailers within 100 m from facilities was 2.35 times higher in the rural setting, compared with the urban setting. Controlling cigarette retailers through zoning and licensing is urgently needed in Indonesia.

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“…Data on schools, including addresses, were obtained from Riyadh General Directorate of Education and the Ministry of Education. We used Google Sheets and geocoding add-ons to convert each facility address into geocodes (latitude and longitude) [ 16 , 17 , 18 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Density of Fast Food Outlets around Educational Facilities in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: Geospatial Analysis

AlQurashi

Kusuma

Aljishi

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Background: Childhood obesity remains a public health issue globally. The latest estimate from the World Health Organization showed that over 340 million children and adolescents aged 5–19 were overweight or obese in 2016. Objective: Our study aimed to assess the density of fast food outlets around educational facilities in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Methods: We employed geospatial and quantitative analyses using data on fast food outlets (from surveys conducted between November 2019 and May 2020) and educational facilities in Riyadh city. Data analyses conducted using ArcMap 10.6 and Stata 15 compared the density within 500 m and 500–1000 m from the facilities. Results: We found a high density of fast food outlets around educational facilities. Nearly 80% of fast food were within twelve-minute walking or five-minute driving distances from schools, and nearly 70% of all educational facilities had at least one fast food outlet within the buffer. We also found the densities were high within both the areas closer and the areas farther away from educational facilities. In addition, the density was significantly higher around private schools compared to government schools, and the density around girls-only schools and both-gender schools was higher than that around boys-only schools. Conclusion: There is a high density of fast food outlets around educational facilities in Saudi Arabia. Effective policies are needed to help reduce potential exposure to fast food among young people in Saudi Arabia and other countries with similar settings.

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Density of cigarette retailers around educational facilities in Indonesia

Cited by 10 publications

References 19 publications

Hotspots and Regional Variation in Smoking Prevalence Among 514 Districts in Indonesia: Analysis of Basic Health Research 2018

Hotspots and Regional Variation in Smoking Prevalence Among 514 Districts in Indonesia: Analysis of Basic Health Research 2018

Density of Cigarette Retailers Near Facilities for Children and Adolescents in Urban and Rural Areas in Indonesia: A Geospatial Analysis

Density of Fast Food Outlets around Educational Facilities in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: Geospatial Analysis

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