Densities, Viscosities, Speeds of Sound, and Relative Permittivities for Water + Cyclic Amides (2-Pyrrolidinone, 1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, and 1-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone) at Different Temperatures

Abstract

Experimental densities, ρ, viscosities, η, speeds of sound, υ, and relative permittivities, ε r, for three binary mixtures of water + 2-pyrrolidinone, + 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, and + 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone were measured over the entire composition range and at different temperatures. The variations of ρ, η, and υ with water mole fractions were typical of systems which show large nonidealities. The excess molar volumes, , excess isentropic compressibilities, , and deviations in dynamic viscosities, δη, and relative permittivities, δε r, were calculated, and their compositional variation was mathematically represented by a Redlich−Kister type equation. The partial molar volumes of water at infinite dilution, , were calculated from the smoothed values of three binary mixtures at different temperatures. The variation of the Kirkwood correlation factor, g K, was examined across the entire composition range. The analysis of these functions revealed that both hydrophobic and hydrophilic hydrations are responsible for the complex nature of the thermophysical behavior in these mixtures.

Hydrodynamic and absorption studies of carbon dioxide absorption in aqueous amide solutions using a bubble column contactor

“…Photographs indicate that, for aqueous solutions of MP, an increase of solute concentration in the liquid phase could produce a decrease in the bubble size because an increase in the number of bubbles is clearly observed. This behaviour is inconsistent with the fact that an increase in the value of MP concentration produces an increase in the liquid phase viscosity (George and Sastry, 2004). The increase in this physical property usually produces an increase in the bubble size (Gómez-Díaz et al, 2009a), but the concentration range used in this work did not produce large changes in liquid phase viscosity.…”

“…This phenomenon produces a decrease in bubble size that has been confirmed in different studies Painmanakul et al, 2005). The effect caused by the surface tension is higher than the possible influence of viscosity (increase in bubble diameter) due to the concentration ranges, because the composition used in this work has a higher influence on surface tension than on viscosity (George and Sastry, 2004;García-Abuín et al, 2008).…”

“…Different studies that use surfactants (compounds that tend to accumulate at the interface), have concluded that the accumulation of molecules at the gas-liquid interface also reduce the liquid renewal at the interface, and then produces a decrease in the mass transfer rate. At the same time, for the systems employed in this work (aqueous solutions of alkyl-pyrrolidones), the increase in the solute concentration near the interface produces an increase in the viscosity value (George and Sastry, 2004;Blanco et al, 2010). An increase in viscosity produces a decrease in the gas diffusivity in the liquid phase, and this effect causes a decrease in the mass transfer rate.…”

Extension of the Simple Equations for Prediction of the Properties of Mixed Electrolyte Solutions to the Mixed Ionic Liquid Solutions

“…41,42 The densities of water at different temperatures were obtained from the literature. 43,44 The densities of dry air at different temperatures were taken from ref 45. The uncertainty in density measurements was (5 Â 10 -5 g 3 cm -3 .…”

Topological Investigations of Excess Molar Volumes and Excess Isentropic Compressibilities of Ternary Mixtures Containing Pyrrolidin-2-one at 308.15 K

“…The speed of sound was determined at a frequency of 2 MHz using a quartz crystal interferometer (Model-M 80, Mittal Enterprises, New Delhi, India). The measuring cell was a specially designed double-walled cell, in which water was circulated to maintain the temperature at (308.15 ± 0.01) K. The speed-of-sound values for the component liquids at (298.15 ± 0.01) K (recorded in Table 1) is compared with their corresponding experimental values [22][23][24][25]. The uncertainty in the measured speedof-sound measurements is 1 m · s −1 .…”