Dengue, related to rubble and building construction in Brazil

Sampaio, Angela Maria Marques; Kligerman, Débora Cynamon; Júnior, Sílvio Ferreira

doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2009.06.017

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The association of construction sites with dengue outbreaks has been well documented. 37 Our findings have major implications for policy-makers, urban planners, and public health practitioners. Policies need to be in place to ensure that school management implements vector control measures at school level, both in classrooms and outdoor play areas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Characteristics of and factors associated with dengue vector breeding sites in the City of Colombo, Sri Lanka

Louis

Quiñonez

Kusumawathie

et al. 2016

Pathogens and Global Health

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IntroductionDengue has emerged as a major public health problem in Sri Lanka. Vector control at community level is a frequent and widespread strategy for dengue control. The aim of the study was to assess Aedes mosquito breeding sites and the prevention practices of community members in a heavily urbanized part of Colombo.MethodsA cross-sectional entomological survey was conducted from April to June 2013 in 1469 premises located in a subdistrict of the City of Colombo. Types of breeding sites and, where found, their infestation with larvae or pupae were recorded. Furthermore, a questionnaire was administered to the occupants of these premises to record current practices of dengue vector control.ResultsThe surveyed premises consisted of 1341 residential premises and 110 non-residential premises (11 schools, 99 work or public sites), 5 open lands, and 13 non-specified. In these 1469 premises, 15447 potential breeding sites suitable to host larvae of pupae were found; of these sites18.0% contained water. Among the 2775 potential breeding sites that contained water, 452 (16.3%) were positive for larvae and/or pupae. Schools were associated with the proportionally highest number of breeding sites; 85 out of 133 (63.9%) breeding sites were positive for larvae and/or pupae in schools compared with 338 out of 2288 (14.8%) in residential premises. The odds ratio (OR) for schools and work or public sites for being infested with larvae and/or pupae was 2.77 (95% CI 1.58, 4.86), when compared to residential premises. Occupants of 80.8% of the residential premises, 54.5% of the schools and 67.7% of the work or public sites reported using preventive measures. The main prevention practices were coverage of containers and elimination of mosquito breeding places. Occupants of residential premises were much more likely to practice preventive measures than were those of non-residential premises (OR 2.23; 1.49, 3.36).ConclusionSchools and working sites were associated with the highest numbers of breeding sites and lacked preventive measures for vector control. In addition to pursuing vector control measures at residential level, public health strategies should be expanded in schools and work places.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Characteristics of and factors associated with dengue vector breeding sites in the City of Colombo, Sri Lanka

Louis

Quiñonez

Kusumawathie

et al. 2016

Pathogens and Global Health

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“…The role of construction sites in the proliferation of vector mosquitoes has been largely neglected and ignored and is for the most part unknown. There are only a few studies available on the subject, and many questions remain unanswered [22][23][24][25][26]. We still do not know the effect of construction sites on the epidemiology of vector-borne diseases.…”

Section: Glossarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mosquito Adaptation to the Extreme Habitats of Urban Construction Sites

Wilke

Caban‐Martinez

Ajelli

et al. 2019

Trends in Parasitology

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The construction industry employs millions of workers in the USA. However, little is known about how environmental disturbances caused by the construction industry impacts vector mosquito ecology and behavior, and whether it is responsible for increasing the abundance of mosquitoes. There is a major scientific gap on how to assess the occupational exposure risk of mosquito biting and arbovirus transmission among outdoor worker populations who spend a disproportionate amount of time working outdoors. In our opinion, it is critical to address how construction workers and the surrounding communities may be geographically and seasonally exposed to vector mosquitoes. Research should identify modifiable worker-and organizational-level factors that improve worksite mosquitocontrol practices to give insights into future vector-control strategies in urban environments. Urbanization and the Construction IndustryIn the late 19th century humanity entered a new geological era known as the Anthropocene (see Glossary), defined by man's influence in modulating the environment on a level compared to that of the natural forces of planet Earth [1]. Human migration from rural areas to urban areas, and the construction of new dwellings, has been increasing since then and, as a consequence, urbanization processes have been intensified to accommodate new residents, urbanizing adjacent peri-urban areas, increasing urban verticalization, and population density [2][3][4].Construction sites are an integral part of the urbanization process. They often lead to a significant disturbance in the environment, modifying land usage, increasing human presence, and generating significant amounts of waste, significantly affecting local fauna and flora [5]. The construction industry in the USA alone spent approximately US$1.3 trillion in 2018, with more than 13 million new residential permits issued in the same period employing approximately 9.4 million workers on average i [6]. However, very little is known to what extent the environmental disturbances caused by the construction industry impact the biodiversity and abundance of mosquito vector species. Construction Sites Are Complex EnvironmentsConstruction sites, especially geographically large ones, are complex and dynamic. Several employers work on one site simultaneously, with a mix of contractors changing with the phases of the project [7,8]. Moreover, as the project develops, different building materials are brought to the worksite or, as the weather changes, the ambient conditions such as ventilation and temperature change too.In 2016, the United States Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) issued empirical mosquito control guidelines considering the threat Zika virus poses for construction HighlightsRecent studies have shown that the proliferation of vector mosquitoes is partially attributable to construction sites.

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“…Medium and large enterprises often rely on having multiple phases of construction at the same time aiming for increasing the efficiency to complete the construction in a shorter time-span [48,49]. Such a chaotic and dynamic environment with an increased number of workers and materials at the job site create the appropriate conditions for vector mosquitoes [29,31,36]. Indeed, most mosquito control programs overlook the potential significance of construction sites both new construction and renovation projects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on initial observations by the Miami-Dade Mosquito Control Division, during the initial phases of construction, rainwater and groundwater can accumulate on elevator shafts, depressions on the floor, material piles and many other containers capable of holding water (S1 Fig), in which mosquitoes will have the opportunity to reproduce freely, without factors controlling their population expansion making it possible for them to reach high numbers in short periods of time [34,35]. Construction sites have also been correlated with the increase in the incidence of dengue in Brazil [36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Construction sites in Miami-Dade County, Florida are highly favorable environments for vector mosquitoes

et al. 2018

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Urbanization is increasing globally, and construction sites are an integral part of the urbanization process. It is unknown to what extent construction sites create favorable breeding conditions for mosquitoes. The main objectives of the present study were to identify what species of mosquitoes are present at construction sites and the respective physical features associated with their production. Eleven construction sites were cross-sectionally surveyed for the presence of mosquitoes in Miami-Dade County, Florida including in areas previously affected by the Zika virus outbreak in 2016. A total of 3.351 mosquitoes were collected; 2.680 adults and 671 immatures. Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus comprised 95% of all collected mosquitoes and were the only species found in their immature forms breeding inside construction sites. Results for the Shannon and Simpson indices, considering both immature and adult specimens, yielded the highest values for Cx. quinquefasciatus and Ae. aegypti. The individual rarefaction curves indicated that sampling sufficiency was highly asymptotic for Cx. quinquefasciatus and Ae. aegypti, and the plots of cumulative species abundance (ln S), Shannon index (H) and log evenness (ln E) (SHE) revealed the lack of heterogeneity of species composition, diversity and evenness for the mosquitoes found breeding in construction sites. The most productive construction site breeding features were elevator shafts, Jersey plastic barriers, flooded floors and stair shafts. The findings of this study indicate that vector mosquitoes breed in high numbers at construction sites and display reduced biodiversity comprising almost exclusively Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus. Such findings suggest that early phase construction sites have suitable conditions for the proliferation of vector mosquitoes. More studies are needed to identify modifiable worker- and organizational-level factors to improve mosquito control practices and guide future mosquito control strategies in urban environments.

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Dengue, related to rubble and building construction in Brazil

Cited by 11 publications

References 4 publications

Characteristics of and factors associated with dengue vector breeding sites in the City of Colombo, Sri Lanka

Characteristics of and factors associated with dengue vector breeding sites in the City of Colombo, Sri Lanka

Mosquito Adaptation to the Extreme Habitats of Urban Construction Sites

Construction sites in Miami-Dade County, Florida are highly favorable environments for vector mosquitoes

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