Democracy and environmental quality

Farzin, Y. Hossein; Bond, Craig A.

doi:10.1016/j.jdeveco.2005.04.003

Cited by 343 publications

(191 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In a bivariate correlation, Bennie et al (2007) finds that Forbes Global 2000 companies headquartered in full democracies are more likely to join the GC, but this result does not hold in their multivariate analysis. To the authors' knowledge, no studies have previously investigated the influence of polity on the uptake of ISO14001, although previous work generally supports the idea that more democratic countries have a better record on many of the issues addressed by CR standards: superior environmental commitment (Neumayer, 2004) and (possibly) environmental quality (Farzin and Bond, 2005); a lower incidence of child labor (Shelburne, 2001); better core labor standards (Neumayer and de Soysa, 2005); and lower levels of corruption (Bohara, Mitchell, and Mittendorff, 2004).…”

Section: Previous Workmentioning

confidence: 89%

Geographic Variations in the Early Diffusion of Corporate Voluntary Standards: Comparing ISO 14001 and the Global Compact

2010

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Despite their availability to firms across the world, uptake of global voluntary standards has proceeded unevenly across countries over time. In this article, we seek to provide new insights into how geography shapes these spatio-temporal variations, focusing on two leading examples of codified voluntarism: ISO14001 and the Global Compact (GC).Advancing on previous quantitative studies, which have analyzed domestic and nondomestic influences separately, we examine how the internal attributes of place "condition" the influence of transnational spatial interdependencies. We find that higher levels of ISO14001 certification in other economies are more likely to spillover (via transnational linkages) into higher domestic uptake of the standard in wealthier economies, while domestic receptivity to the influence of higher GC adoptions abroad is greater in more democratic countries. Another important advance on previous studies is that we examine the influence of a larger number of measures of transnational economic linkage. Providing evidence of "trading-up" and "investing-up" dynamics, we show that higher densities of ISO14001 certificates and GC participants in a country's export and inward FDI partners is associated with higher levels of domestic uptake of the respective standard. We also find tentative evidence of "visiting-up" dynamics associated with the cross-border movement of businesspeople.2

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Section: Previous Workmentioning

confidence: 89%

Geographic Variations in the Early Diffusion of Corporate Voluntary Standards: Comparing ISO 14001 and the Global Compact

2010

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“…These multiple equilibria, linking environmental quality and level of education, can be backed up by some empirical evidence, which show that more educated economies are likely to exhibit better environmental conditions (see, for instance, Magnani (2000), Bimonte (2002), Fredriksson et al (2005), Farzin & Bond (2006)). As shown previously, this positive relationship may be micro-founded.…”

Section: Et+1mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…This recent evolution may be explained by a lot of both socio-economic and political factors like, for instance, income, health, education, age, sex, democracy, etc. (see Fredriksson et al (2005), Farzin & Bond (2006)). Focusing on the relationship between the level of education and this stronger concern for the environment, we can observe a positive causal link at a microeconomic level.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Education and the Political Economy of Environmental Protection

Raffin¹

2014

Annals of Economics and Statistics

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We develop a model where agents decide wether to invest in additional education according to their expectations regarding future environmental quality. Then, agents vote on a tax that will be used exclusively to finance environmental protection. Under the assumption of rational and constant expectations, the model may generate multiple equilibria. Moreover, we show that agents'expectations regarding future environmental quality may be self-fulfilling when the public policy is endogenous. This paves the way for a public intervention. Hence, we analyse the long-run dynamic implications of a policy in favour of education, in order to select the higher equilibrium.JEL classification: .

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“…Crosscountry EKC analysis tends to show the close relationship between environmental emissions and gross domestic product (GDP) or related policy variables (Farzin and Bond, 2006;Wagner, 2008;Galeotti et al, 2009;Tsurumi and Managi, 2010). 1 The EKC hypothesis has been tested in many countries using various pollutant data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic development and multiple air pollutant emissions from the industrial sector

Fujii

Managi

2015

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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This study analyzed the relationship between economic growth and emissions of eight environmental air pollutants (CO2, CH4, N2O, NOx, SOx, CO, NMVOC, and NH3) in 39 countries from 1995 to 2009. We tested an environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis for 16 individual industry sectors and for the total industrial sector. The results clarified that at least ten individual industries do not have an EKC relationship in eight air pollutants even though this relationship was observed in the country and total industrial sector level data. We found that the key industries that dictated the EKC relationship in the country and the total industrial sector are existed in CO2, N2O, CO, and NMVOC emissions. Finally, the EKC turning point and the relationship between economic development and trends of air pollutant emissions differ among industries according to the pollution substances. These results suggest inducing new environmental policy design such as the sectoral crediting mechanism, which focuses on the industrial characteristics of emissions.

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Democracy and environmental quality

Cited by 343 publications

References 23 publications

Geographic Variations in the Early Diffusion of Corporate Voluntary Standards: Comparing ISO 14001 and the Global Compact

Geographic Variations in the Early Diffusion of Corporate Voluntary Standards: Comparing ISO 14001 and the Global Compact

Education and the Political Economy of Environmental Protection

Economic development and multiple air pollutant emissions from the industrial sector

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