Delayed Non-word Repetition according to Rehearsal Conditions in 6- to 7-Year-Old Children

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The purpose of this study is to develop a nonsense Syllable Repetition Test (nSRT) with validity and reliability, and to verify its usefulness. This study also intended to establish a scoring system that classifies and evaluates the retrieval ability and the sequencing ability of subjects. Methods: The final items were derived by exploratory factor analysis. A Cronbach' s alpha internal consistency analysis and word similarity survey were conducted, and average syllable frequency was calculated on nSRT items. Then, four, five, and six year old children were examined using the nSRT, and the differences in their performance were analyzed according to phonological processing types (phonological retrieval and phonological sequencing) and number of syllables of items. Results: The final items consisted of seven words in each of the 3, 4, and 5 nonsense syllables groups. The internal consistency of all items was very high (= .914), and all items showed low word similarity and high mean syllable frequency. As the children's age increased, their test performance improved significantly; and the higher the number of syllables, the more difficult the test was. This study also found that among the phonological processing tasks, it was significantly more difficult to sequence items than to retrieve items. Conclusion: This study is significant in that it develops a new nSRT with validity and reliability and establishes the retrieval and sequencing score system.

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Development and Application of Nonsense Syllable Repetition Test for Evaluating Phonological Retrieval and Sequencing Abilities

류은주¹,

하지완²

2018

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“…따라서 음운표상이 명확 하고 변별적이고 안정적으로 저장되어 있지 않은 경우 (Anthony et al, 2010), 혹은 음운표상의 저장에는 문제가 없더라도 그것의 접근 또는 인출에 문제가 있는 경우 (Sutherland, 2005) 말소리장애가 초 래될 수 있다. 말소리장애아동은 음운표상이 명확하지 않고 그것 을 인출하는 능력에 결함이 있음을 보고한 연구 (Kim & Ha, 2014;Sutherland & Gillon, 2007), 음운표상을 바탕으로 하는 음운인식 과제에서 말소리장애아동의 어려움을 밝힌 연구 (Claessen & Leitão, 2012;Jung, Choi, & Ha, 2015), 음운표상과 말산출 능력 또 는 조음정확도의 밀접한 관련성을 보고한 연구 (Carroll & Snowling, 2004;Sutherland & Gillon, 2007) (Claessen et al, 2009;Kim, Kwon, Jeong, Meng, & Ha, 2013), 비단어 따라말하기 수행력 이 좋다 (Lee et al, 2016)…”

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New Phonological Representation of Children with Speech Sound Disorders

Bae¹,

Ha²,

Koo³

et al. 2016

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To determine if the phonological representation (PR) deficit of children with speech sound disorders (SSD) begins in the initial stage of PR, this study compared the ability to learn new PR between SSD children and typically developing children (TD). Methods: The study subjects were 14 SSD children and 19 TD children 4, 5, and 6 years of age. After the learning stage, a new PR judgment and retrieval tasks were performed, measuring the accuracy and reaction time of responses. The relationships among age, accuracy of articulation, receptive vocabulary, and task performances were examined. Results: In terms of correct response score on the new PR judgment task, SSD children were significantly lower than TD children. SSD children and TD children had no significant difference in reactions time. With regard to accuracy of the new PR retrieval task, both SSD children and TD children had difficulty with the retrieval of new PR, and thus there was no significant difference. It was found that there were significant correlations between the performance of the new PR judgment task and accuracy of articulation, between the performance of the new PR retrieval task and receptive vocabulary, and between age and both tasks. Conclusion: The study results indicate that SSD children have more difficulty memorizing new PR accurately than TD children. PR deficit of SSD children is likely to begin in the initial stage of PR.

“…시연활동, 즉 정보의 되뇌기를 통해 입력된 음운정보는 몇 분에서 몇 시간까지도 유지될 수 있다 (Brookshire, 2007). Baddeley (1986) (Lee, Ha, Koo, Hwang, & Pyun, 2016). 초기에 는 외현적 시연을 통해 시연능력을 발달시켜 가다가 점차적으로 시 연활동에 익숙해지면 점차 소리 내지 않고 시연을 하는 내현적 시 연을 사용하게 된다 (Lee et al, 2016 (Dodd, 1975;Singer & Bashir, 1999;Winitz, 1975 (Figure 3).…”

unclassified

“…Baddeley (1986) (Lee, Ha, Koo, Hwang, & Pyun, 2016). 초기에 는 외현적 시연을 통해 시연능력을 발달시켜 가다가 점차적으로 시 연활동에 익숙해지면 점차 소리 내지 않고 시연을 하는 내현적 시 연을 사용하게 된다 (Lee et al, 2016 (Dodd, 1975;Singer & Bashir, 1999;Winitz, 1975 (Figure 3). (Coady & Evans, 2008;Dollaghan & Campbell, 1998;Ellis Weismer et al, 2000;Munson et al, 2005), 특히 음운표상을 새롭게 형 성하는 데에 어려움이 있다는 연구 (Edwards & Lahey, 1998)…”

unclassified

The Effect of Vocal Rehearsal on Retrieval of New Phonological Representations in Children with and without Specific Language Impairment

Ryu¹,

Ha²

2016

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Objectives: This research aims to study the ability to retain and retrieve new phonological representations (PR) with and without vocal rehearsals in children with specific language impairments (SLI) and typically developing (TD) children. Methods: Ten SLI children, 10 chronological age (CA)-matched children and 10 language age (LA)-matched children participated in the research. To compare the three groups' performance in terms of accuracy and error types, this test set time intervals of 10 seconds and 5 minutes; one with vocal rehearsal and one without vocal rehearsal after a lapse of time. The relationship among the new PR task performances and receptive vocabulary, and expressive vocabulary were examined. Results: SLI group showed significantly lower ability in retrieving new PR than CA group but were similar to LA group. The performance with vocal rehearsal was not significantly better than that without vocal rehearsal after 10 seconds but it was significantly better after 5 minutes. SLI group showed significantly more error types such as syllable omission, lexicalization and no response when compared to the two other groups. There were significant correlations among the new PR tasks, receptive vocabulary, and expressive vocabulary. Conclusion: The study results indicate that vocal rehearsals contribute to the improvement of new PR storage and retrieval in both SLI and TD children.