Degradabilidade ruminal da matéria seca e proteína bruta, e tempo de colonização microbiana de oleaginosas, utilizadas na alimentação de ovinos

Abstract

RESUMO. Avaliou-se a degradabilidade in situ, dos grãos de linhaça, canola, colza e milho, caroço de algodão, e dos concentrados casca e farelo de soja, em ovinos. Foram utilizados três animais da raça Santa Inês, fistulados e providos de cânulas ruminais, mantidos em baias individuais, recebendo diariamente capim picado e ração concentrada. Os alimentos foram incubados em ordem decrescente de 72, 48, 24, 18, 6, 3 e 0h. O teor de proteína dos alimentos avaliados foram 34,77; 30,07; 23,70; 10,64; 26,12; 14,65 e 56,90% para canola, colza, linhaça, milho, caroço de algodão, casca de soja e farelo de soja, respectivamente. A canola e a colza apresentaram baixa degradabilidade efetiva para a MS, com valor médio de 33,68%. O grão de linhaça apresentou degradabilidade efetiva para a MS de 64,24%, com fração potencialmente degradável de 87,89%. O milho apresentou fração solúvel de 12,33% e uma degradação de 39,67% para a MS. O farelo de soja apresentou-se dentro dos parâmetros normais de degradação com 52,61% para a MS e 52,83% para PB. Para a linhaça, canola e colza a degradabilidade da proteína apresentou valor médio de 18,34%. Os grãos de avaliados apresentaram baixa degradabilidade efetiva para a matéria seca e proteína bruta.Palavras-chave: composição centesimal, colza, linhaça, in situ.ABSTRACT. Ruminal degradability of dry matter and crude protein, and microbial colonization time of oil grains in sheep feeding. This study evaluated in situ ruminal degradability of grains of linseed, canola, rapeseed and corn, whole cottonseed, as well as soybean hulls and soybean meal, in sheep. Three Santa Inês sheep were fistulated and fitted with rumen cannulas. The animals were housed in individual stalls, receiving chopped grass and concentrated feed daily. Feeds were incubated in descending order of 72, 48, 24, 18, 6, 3 and 0h. Protein content was 34.77% for canola, 30.07% for rapeseed, 23.70% for linseed, 10.64% for corn, 26.12% for cottonseed, 14.65% for soybean hulls, and 56.90% for soybean meal. Canola and rapeseed showed low effective degradability of DM, with mean value of 33.68%. Linseed grain had DM degradability of 64.24%, with 87.89% potential degradable fraction. Corn grain showed soluble fraction of 12.33% and 39.67% degradation for DM. Soybean meal was within normal parameters of degradation, with 52.61% for DM and 52.83% for CP. For linseed, canola and rapeseed, average protein degradability value was 18.34%. The evaluated grains showed low effective degradability for dry matter and crude protein.

A meta-analysis on in situ ruminal degradability of grains and meals for energy concentrate feeds

“…We found 12 studies, including Beran et al (2005), Fortaleza et al (2009), Garcia et al (2003, Goes et al (2004), Goes et al (2011), Marcondes et al (2009, Mizubuti et al (2007), Oliveira et al (2003), Silva et al (1999), Silveira et al (2002), and Zeoula et al (1999), that studied in situ ruminal degradability of grains of oats (Avena sativa), cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), sunflower (Helianthus annuus), corn (Zea mays), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), wheat (Triticum aestivum), and triticale (Triticosecale), and also in situ ruminal degradability of meals of cotton, rice (Oryza sativa), maize germ, sunflower, and wheat. Studies cited availed degradability for some of these ingredients where degradability for all these ingredients was not necessarily studied in all the studies cited.…”

Crude corn oil with high acidity in broiler feed

“…In the poultry chain, the highest costs come from animal nutrition; such expenses can exceed 70% of the total costs (INNOCENTINI, 2009), within which energy accounts for most of this cost (VASCONCELLOS et al, 2011). In this respect, we seek alternative energy sources with a lower market value and quality equal to or higher than the traditional ones.…”

“…These co-products do not compete with human food (ZAMBOM et al, 2001) and, if used, they do not accumulate in the environment, especially in the soil and water, contributing to sustainable animal production and preserving natural resources (BRAS et al, 2014). Studies have shown that these agroindustrial co-products can provide about 3 trillion Mcal of metabolizable energy (ME) per year (GOES et al, 2008). Therefore, the CCOHA has become an option of energetic ingredient for the formulation of broiler ration, being able to act on both the performance and the quality of the carcass (VIEIRA et al, 2002).…”

<b>Ruminal degradability of neutral detergent fiber of <i>Cynodon</i> spp. grasses at four regrowth ages

“…The 'in situ' technique has been widespread, mainly due to its simplicity and economy, besides the results from tropical conditions provide data that contribute to improve national tables of food composition (GOES et al, 2011). In Brazil, studies are conducted with the use of this technique for evaluating forages, crop residues and industrial products, probably by providing more accurate estimate of the degradation of neutral detergent fiber in the rumen than those determined in laboratories, justifying its use as a reference technique (GOES et al, 2010).…”

“…In Brazil, studies are conducted with the use of this technique for evaluating forages, crop residues and industrial products, probably by providing more accurate estimate of the degradation of neutral detergent fiber in the rumen than those determined in laboratories, justifying its use as a reference technique (GOES et al, 2010).…”