Default Mode Network Activity Predicts Early Memory Decline in Healthy Young Adults Aged 18–31

Abstract

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) research conducted in healthy young adults is typically done with the assumption that this sample is largely homogeneous. However, studies from cognitive psychology suggest that long-term memory and attentional control begin to diminish in the third decade of life. Here, 100 participants between the ages of 18 and 31 learned Lithuanian translations of English words in an individual differences study using fMRI. Long-term memory ability was operationalized for each participant by deriving a memory score from 3 convergent measures. Age of participant predicted memory score in this cohort. In addition, degree of deactivation during initial encoding in a set of regions occurring largely in the default mode network (DMN) predicted both age and memory score. The current study demonstrates that early memory decline may partially be accounted for by failure to modulate activity in the DMN.

Alteration in topological properties of brain functional network after 2‐year high altitude exposure: A panel study

“…However, according to our results, some nodal metrics were significantly altered after two-year HA exposure (Tables 1 and 2) (Barber, Caffo, Pekar, & Mostofsky, 2017;Gotting et al, 2017;Nelson et al, 2016;Staffaroni et al, 2018). Moreover, the left anterior cingulate gyrus plays an important role in attentional control.…”

“…Some brain regions were found to have both decreased degree centrality and nodal efficiency, including left insula, left anterior cingulate gyrus, left median cingulate gyrus, left hippocampus, left amygdala, left putamen, left Heschl, right temporal pole, left cerebelum_8, vermis_7, and vermis_8. The left insula, left anterior cingulate gyrus and left median cingulate gyrus all belong to default mode network which is tightly associated with memory and reaction (Barber, Caffo, Pekar, & Mostofsky, 2017; Gotting et al., 2017; Nelson et al., 2016; Staffaroni et al., 2018). Moreover, the left anterior cingulate gyrus plays an important role in attentional control.…”

Neurochemical correlates of scene processing in the precuneus/posterior cingulate cortex: A multimodal fMRI and 1H‐MRS study

“…Alternatively, differences in sample age might be responsible as our sample was younger on average that than of Hu et al () (mean age 34.4 ± 8.6 years). Substantial age‐related changes have been reported in both PCu/PCC GABA+ concentration and DMN deactivation, even prior to middle age (Gao et al, ; Nelson et al, ).…”

“…PCu/PCC GABA+ concentration and DMN deactivation, even prior to middle age (Gao et al, 2013;Nelson et al, 2016).…”

Effects of Long-Duration Administration of 1% Isoflurane on Resting Cerebral Blood Flow and Default Mode Network in Macaque Monkeys

“…Previous studies have shown that the deactivation of DMN is related with cognitive decline (Hansen et al, 2014;Nelson et al, 2016;Onoda et al, 2012;Vidal-Pineiro et al, 2014). Vincent et al (2010) demonstrated that DMN in human also exists in macaques under isoflurane (0.8-1.5%) in which PCC is shown as a dominant region in DMN.…”