Deepfake: An Overview

Chadha, Anupama; Kumar, Vaibhav; Kashyap, Sonu; Gupta, Mona

doi:10.1007/978-981-16-0733-2_39

Cited by 23 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Not only faceswapping images but also synthetically generated videos and audio are widely popular and are used for different purposes. Many applications are emerging that enable creating deepfakes much more easily, including the Chinese app Zao, DeepFace Lab, and FaceApp (Chadha et al, 2021). As technology grows and improves at the current pace, it is expected that deepfake technologies will become much more sophisticated and accessible to many, and they might introduce more serious threats to the public related to election interference, political tensions, and additional criminal activity (Chadha et al, 2021).…”

Section: Deepfakesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moral intuitions behind deepfake-related discussions in Reddit communities

Gamage¹,

HARIHARAN²,

Sasahara³

2023

Preprint

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Deepfakes are AI-synthesized content that are becoming popular on many social media platforms, meaning the use of deepfakes is increasing in society, regardless of its societal implications. Its implications are harmful if the moral intuitions behind deepfakes are problematic; thus, it is important to explore how the moral intuitions behind deepfakes unfold in communities at scale. However, understanding perceived moral viewpoints unfolding in digital contexts is challenging, due to the complexities in conversations. In this research, we demonstrate how Moral Foundations Theory (MFT) can be used as a lens through which to operationalize moral viewpoints in discussions about deepfakes on Reddit communities. Using the extended Moral Foundations Dictionary (eMFD), we measured the strengths of moral intuition (moral loading) behind 101,869 Reddit posts. We present the discussions that unfolded on Reddit in 2018–2022 wherein intuitions behind some posts were found to be morally questionable to society. Our results may help platforms detect and take action against immoral activities related to deepfakes.

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Section: Deepfakesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moral intuitions behind deepfake-related discussions in Reddit communities

Gamage¹,

HARIHARAN²,

Sasahara³

2023

Preprint

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“…It follows that people cannot reliably detect deepfake information by raising awareness or providing monetary incentives (K€ obis et al, 2021). Due to the low cost, difficulty of identification and rapid dissemination of deepfake information (Chadha et al, 2021), malicious use poses many ethical risks to personal privacy, social security and political stability, which must be urgently regulated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, deepfake information has positive application prospects. Firstly, deepfake information significantly reduces the cost of content production (Chadha et al, 2021). Deepfake can transform paragraphs of text into pictures of different styles, providing a better and lower-cost solution for illustrations in books.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Deepfake information is created using generation and synthesis algorithms through deep learning, and it can be synthesized from existing data or generated out of thin air in the form of pictures, sounds, videos and virtual spaces (Chadha et al. , 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…, 2021). Due to the low cost, difficulty of identification and rapid dissemination of deepfake information (Chadha et al. , 2021), malicious use poses many ethical risks to personal privacy, social security and political stability, which must be urgently regulated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Norms or fun? The influence of ethical concerns and perceived enjoyment on the regulation of deepfake information

Wan

2023

INTR

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PurposeDeepfake information poses more ethical risks than traditional disinformation in terms of fraud, slander, rumors and other malicious uses. However, owing to its high entertainment value, deepfake information with ethical risks has become popular. This study aims to understand the role of ethics and entertainment in the acceptance and regulation of deepfake information.Design/methodology/approachMixed methods were used to qualitatively identify ethical concerns and quantitatively evaluate the influence of ethical concerns and perceived enjoyment on the ethical acceptability and social acceptance of deepfake information.FindingsThe authors confirmed that informed consent, privacy protection, traceability and non-deception had a significantly positive impact on ethical acceptability and indirectly influenced social acceptance, with privacy protection being the most sensitive. Perceived enjoyment impacts the social acceptance of deepfake information and significantly weakens the effect of ethical acceptability on social acceptance.Originality/valueThe ethical concerns affecting acceptance behavior identified in this study provide an entry point for the ethical regulation of deepfake information. The weakening effect of perceived enjoyment on ethics serves as a wake-up call for regulators to guard against pan-entertainment deepfake information.

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