Aims: To determine the bioactive components and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in selected underutilized crops of the Himalayan region viz. Barnyard millet, Grain amaranth, Rice bean, Black soybean and Horsegram.
Study Design: Experimental design (Lab experiment).
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Foods and Nutrition, College of Home Science, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, in the year 2016-18.
Methodology: We applied different processing techniques (covered pan cooking and pressure cooking) in the underutilized crops and analyzed the total phenol, total flavonoids and total antioxidant capacity (Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay and (2, 2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) (DPPH) by using standard methods.
Results: It was found that black soybean had highest phenolic content after both thermal treatments (3233.76 mg GAE/100 g for pan cooked and 1883.11 mg GAE/100 g for pressure cooked samples) and TAC by both FRAP (6423.76 mg TE/100 g for pan-cooked and 4415.58 mg TE/100 g for pressure cooked) and DPPH (536.41 and 453.98 mg TE/100g for pan and pressure cooked samples, respectively) method. Among raw samples, rice bean contained the highest flavonoid content and TAC by FRAP assay. In contrast, raw grain Amaranth showed the lowest phenolic content. Further, pressure cooking was found to be better for barnyard millet, while in pulses, pan cooking yielded the best results (in terms of increased value/lower losses).
Conclusion: It can be concluded that among pulses pan cooked black soybean was found to have a good store of bioactive compounds as compared to rice bean and horse gram. The pressure cooking method was found to be suitable for millet like a barnyard.
Wheat as a grain is grown on more land area than any other commercial food. Its world trade in is greater than all other crops combined. Globally, wheat is the leading source of vegetable protein in human food, having higher protein content than other major cereals. Wheat is processed by various techniques to achieve different flours e.g. resultant flour, chakki flour and maida (refined flour) possessing different physicochemical, nutritional and sensory attributes. The proximate nutritional content were analyzed and the resultant flour has maximum calorie content whereas protein, fiber, fat and ash content were found to be higher in chakki flour. Maida (refined flour) exhibited maximum wet gluten content but dry gluten content was found to be highest in resultant flour. Recipe formulated by incorporating differently processed wheat flours was Chapattis which was evaluated for its sensory characteristics on a 5-point rating scale by a semi trained panel of 30 judges. Chapattis made from resultant flour were better than those from chakki flour and maida in overall acceptability.
All parts of the cowpea crop are nutritious and edible. The present study analyzed the nutritional, anti-nutritional and organoleptic qualities of vegetable cowpea pods, shells and seeds. Two varieties of vegetable cowpea viz. PusaSukomal and PVCP-20 were studied in three parts (pods/shells/seeds). Proximate composition, seven minerals, dietary fiber and two anti-nutrients were analyzed. The study showed that both varieties of vegetable cowpea are nutritious with PusaSukomal being rich in macronutrients and PVCP-20 rich in micronutrients. The three different parts of cowpea differed from each other nutritionally as well as in their anti-nutrient content. Among the different parts analyzed shells were rich in dietary fiber. Seeds were nutrient dense as compared to pods and shells, but more in anti-nutrients. Organoleptically seeds of PusaSukomal were preferred over other forms. It is revealed from the study that PusaSukomal seeds are nutritionally and organoleptically superior to the other samples studied.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.