Deep fried edible oils disturb hepatic redox equilibrium and heightens lipotoxicity and hepatosteatosis in male Wistar rats

Abstract

<jats:p> Hepatosteatosis is a complex disorder, in which insulin resistance and associated dyslipidemic and inflammatory conditions are fundamental. Dietary habit, especially regular consumption of fat and sugar-rich diet, is an important risk factor. Coconut and mustard oils (CO and MO) are medium-chain saturated and monounsaturated fats that are common dietary ingredients among the Indian populations. Present study analyzed the effect of prolonged consumption of the fresh and thermally oxidized forms of these oils on glucose tolerance and hepatosteatosis in male Wistar rats. Thermally oxidized CO (TCO) and MO (TMO) possessed higher amount of lipid peroxidation products and elevated p-anisidine values than their fresh forms. Dietary administration of TCO and TMO along with fructose altered glucose tolerance and increased hyperglycemia in rats. Dyslipidemia was evident by elevated levels of triglycerides and reduced high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc) levels in fructose and edible oil-fed group ( p &lt; 0.05). Additionally, hepatic antioxidant status was diminished and oxidative stress markers were elevated in TCO- and TMO-fed rats. Substantiating these, hike in liver function marker enzyme activities were also observed in these animals. Supporting this, histological analysis revealed higher incidence of microvesicles and hepatocellular ballooning. Results thus suggest that consumption of thermally oxidized fats may cause hepatic damage. </jats:p>

The Anti-inflammatory Effects of Aerobic Training and Octopamine Consumption in the Heart Tissue of Rats Fed Deep-Fried Oil

“…The results of the present study showed that DFO significantly increased NF-κB and TNFα gene expression levels in the heart tissue of rats. Consistent with the findings of the present study, a study on the effect of DFO on impaired hepatic balance and increased adipose tissue and fatty liver injury in Wistar rats showed that DFO consumption decreased antioxidant enzymes of the liver and increased oxidative stress factors in the Wistar rats (16), so that DFO caused liver damage (16). Also, Wang et al (2016) showed that DFO consumption leads to liver injury in rats (14).…”

Virgin coconut oil reverses hepatic steatosis by restoring redox homeostasis and lipid metabolism in male Wistar rats

“…Thermal oxidation of VCO was carried out according to the method previously described . For this, approximately 100 mL of VCO was taken in an Erlenmeyer flask and heated at 160 °C for 48 h and cooled to room temperature.…”

“…Even though hereditary predisposition has been attributed to the pathogenesis of hepatosteatosis, dietary habits, sedentary lifestyle, alcoholism, and use of certain drugs correlate with the increasing incidence of the disease. In addition, intake of high saturated fats and deep‐fried foods increases the propensity of hepatosteatosis …”

The association between consumption of monounsaturated fats from animal-v. plant-based foods and the risk of type 2 diabetes: a prospective nationwide cohort study

“…Importantly, these types of vegetable oils are mainly used for cooking but not for salad dressing, with stir-frying and griddling applied as usual preparation methods in China. Frying of vegetable oils may produce harmful changes, including the increase in energy density, NEFA contents, the ratio of hypocholesterolaemic:hypercholesterolaemic fatty acids and the formation of trans-fatty acids, TAG polymers and dimers (35,36) . In addition, lipid peroxidation products from frying process could induce inflammation (37) , which plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of diabetes (38) .…”