The association between consumption of monounsaturated fats from animal-v. plant-based foods and the risk of type 2 diabetes: a prospective nationwide cohort study

Abstract

Although higher dietary intake of MUFA has been shown to improve glycaemic control and lipid profiles, whether MUFA consumption from different sources is linked to the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains unclear. We aimed to prospectively assess the associations of plant-derived MUFA (P-MUFA) and animal-derived MUFA (A-MUFA) intakes with T2D risk in a nationwide oriental cohort. Overall, 15 022 Chinese adults, aged ≥20 years, from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS 1997–2011) were prospectively followed up for a median of 14 years. Consumption of MUFA from plant and animal sources was assessed using 3-d 24-h recalls in each survey, and the cumulative average of intake was calculated. Multivariable-adjusted Cox models were constructed to estimate the hazard ratios (HR) of T2D according to quartiles of MUFA intake. P-MUFA were mainly consumed from cooked vegetable oils, fried bread sticks and rice, while A-MUFA were mainly consumed from pork, lard and eggs. Intake of P-MUFA was associated with a higher risk of T2D (HRQ4 v. Q1 1·50 (95 % CI 1·18, 1·90); Ptrend = 0·0013), whereas A-MUFA showed no significant association (HRQ4 v. Q1 0·84 (95 % CI 0·59, 1·20); Ptrend = 0·30). When further considering the cooking method of food sources, consumption of P-MUFA from fried foods was positively associated with T2D risk (HRQ4 v. Q1 1·60 (95 % CI 1·26, 2·02); Ptrend = 0·0006), whereas non-fried P-MUFA were not associated. Intake of MUFA from fried plant-based foods may elevate T2D risk among the Chinese population.

Yağ Asi̇tleri̇ni̇n Ti̇p 2 Di̇yabet Geli̇şi̇mi̇ Üzeri̇ne Etki̇leri̇

“…Zeytinyağının karaciğerde yağ birikimini azalttığı, inflamasyonu olumlu yönde etkilediği gösterilmiştir (25). Ayrıca doymuş yağ asitlerinin aksine TDYA'ların fazlasının seramid ve diaçilgiserol gibi zararlı metabolitlere çevrilmeyip trigliserit olarak depolanması ve palmitik asidin de trigliseritlere çevrilmesini desteklemesi TDYA'ların bir diğer koruyucu etkisidir (26,27) (29).Bununla beraber Çinli yetişkinlerde yürütülen bir çalışmada, ortalama 14 yıl takip sonucunda, enerjinin TDYA'dan gelen yüzdesi %16,3'ü aştığında TDYA'nın T2DM gelişim riskini artırdığı bildirilmiştir (30).…”

Metabolic effects of monounsaturated fatty acid−enriched diets on glycaemic control in patient with type 2 diabetes: an evidence-based case report

“…The number of T2D incidences has globally reached 425 million (8,8% of adults), with an additional 352 million at risk of developing T2D. 1,2 In China, the morbidity of T2D sharply increased from 2.5% in 1994 to 10.9% in 2013. 2 Based on the 2018 Riset Kesehatan Dasar (RIskesdas) data in Indonesia, there is also an increased prevalence of T2D to 8.5%.…”

“…1,2 In China, the morbidity of T2D sharply increased from 2.5% in 1994 to 10.9% in 2013. 2 Based on the 2018 Riset Kesehatan Dasar (RIskesdas) data in Indonesia, there is also an increased prevalence of T2D to 8.5%. 3 Risk factors for developing T2D are divided into two, unmodifiable (age and family history of diabetes) and modifiable factors (dietary habits and physical activity).…”

“…1,4 Epidemiological evidence has consistently demonstrated that diet is a key modifiable risk factor for T2D prevention. 1,2 There is an ongoing debate as to whether nutrient quality or quantity is mainly responsible for controlling hyperglycaemia in patients with T2D. Currently, energy-dense foods rich in saturated fatty acid (SFA) are considered the main culprit of the epidemic rise of obesity, T2D, fatty liver and cardiovascular diseases.…”

“…The recommendation is mainly based on the effect, especially MUFA, for preventing and controlling T2D. 2,6 The association of MUFA consumption with the risk of T2D development remains limited and controversial.…”