Decreased Systolic Function and Inadequate Hypertrophy in Large and Small Breed Dogs with Chronic Mitral Valve Insufficiency

Borgarelli, Michele; Tarducci, Alberto; Zanatta, Rayssa Ferreira; Häggström, Jens

doi:10.1111/j.1939-1676.2007.tb02929.x

Cited by 77 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…35,36 In this regard, we recently reported that dogs with moderate HF caused by CMVI have reduced systolic function. 37 However, increased ESV-I was associated with a reduction in survival time in univariate analysis, but was not an independent risk factor as it was associated with class of HF. Although not included in the multivariate analysis, the finding that bilateral mitral valve involvement represents a risk factor is noteworthy, and is in agreement with previous reports in both humans and dogs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Survival Characteristics and Prognostic Variables of Dogs with Mitral Regurgitation Attributable to Myxomatous Valve Disease

Borgarelli

Savarino

Crosara

et al. 2008

Veterinary Internal Medicne

288

369

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Background: There are few studies evaluating the natural history and prognostic variables in chronic mitral valve disease (CMVI) in a heterogeneous population of dogs.Objectives: To estimate survival and prognostic value of clinical and echocardiographic variables in dogs with CMVI of varying severity. Five hundred and fifty-eight dogs belonging to 36 breeds were studied.Methods: Dogs were included after clinical examination and echocardiography. Long-term outcome was assessed by telephone interview with the owner.Results: The mean follow-up time was 22.7 AE 13.6 months, and the median survival time was 19.5 AE 13.2 months. In univariate analysis, age48 years, syncope, HR4140 bpm, dyspnea, arrhythmias, class of heart failure (International Small Animal Cardiac Health Council), furosemide therapy, end-systolic volume-index (ESV-I)430 mL/m 2 , left atrial to aortic root ratio (LA/Ao)41.7, E wave transmitral peak velocity (Emax)41.2 m/s, and bilateral mitral valve leaflet engagement were associated with survival time when all causes of death were included. For the cardiac-related deaths, all the previous variables except dyspnea and EDV-I4100 mL/m 2 were significantly associated with survival time. Significant variables in multivariate analysis (all causes of death) were syncope, LA/Ao41.7 m/s, and Emax41.2 m/s. For cardiac-related death, the only significant variable was LA/Ao41.7.Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Mild CMVI is a relatively benign condition in dogs. However, some clinical variables can identify dogs at a higher risk of death; these variables might be useful to identify individuals that need more frequent monitoring or therapeutic intervention.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Survival Characteristics and Prognostic Variables of Dogs with Mitral Regurgitation Attributable to Myxomatous Valve Disease

Borgarelli

Savarino

Crosara

et al. 2008

Veterinary Internal Medicne

288

369

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“…Hemodynamic changes were monitored by measuring indirect arterial blood pressure (Cardell Model 9401, Sharn Veterinary Inc., Tampa, FL), performing 6 leads ECG (Cardiofax GEM ECG-9020 K, Nihon Kohden, Japan) and by complete echocardiographic examination (Logiq400, GE healthcare, Milwaukee, WI), which included transthoracic 2-D, M-mode, spectral, and color flow Doppler. All echocardiographic measurements were followed previously described methods [13-15]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of adverse reactions in dogs following intravenous mesenchymal stem cell transplantation

Kang

Park

2014

Acta Vet Scand

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BackgroundRecent studies have assessed the therapeutic potential and drawbacks of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The adverse reactions of intravenous transplantation of bone marrow (BM)-derived MSCs were examined at varying doses and frequencies of administration.Nine healthy beagle dogs were purchased from a commercial laboratory. The dogs were distributed equally (n = 3 per group) and randomly into three groups. All dogs received allogeneic BM-derived MSCs: 2 × 106 once (group A), 2 × 107 once (group B), and 2 × 106 for three consecutive days (group C). Various laboratory examinations, multi-detector computed tomography features and histopathology were evaluated to clarify the clinical and diagnostic features of adverse reactions of MSCs administration, prior to receiving MSCs (pre procedure) and on days 1, 3, and 7 post transplantation.ResultsOnly one dog had clinical signs during and after MSCs transplantation. Dogs receiving 2 × 106 MSCs showed increased numbers of lymphocytes but the total white blood cell counts were not elevated (P < 0.01). Multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) revealed pulmonary parenchymal changes in one dog and histopathologic examination revealed pulmonary parenchymal edema and hemorrhage in four dogs. The presence of pulmonary thromboembolism was not detected in either examination.ConclusionsWe considered the presence of pulmonary edema and hemorrhage as possible adverse reactions after intravenous MSCs transplantation; however these results should be cautiously interpreted.

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“…This change has been observed once SF% is increased (Boon 1998), with further non-significant reduction after the therapy was established (T56 days), due to reduced circulatory volume overload and hence the force of contraction of the myocardium. The variables LA and the ratio LA/Ao were initially increased due to atrial enlargement, with the animals in G1 showing non-significant reduction of the variables during the evaluation period (Firm & Petri 2002, Kienle & Thomaz 2004, Kittleson 2006, Borgarelli et al 2007). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical evaluation of enalapril maleate and furosemide usage in dogs with degenerative myxomatous mitral valve, CHF functional class Ib

Franco¹,

Pereira²,

Camacho³

2011

Pesq. Vet. Bras.

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791Pesq. Vet. Bras. 31(9):791-797, setembro 2011 RESUMO.-[Avaliação clínica da utilização do maleato de enalapril e furosemida em cães com doença degenerativa mixomatosa da válvula mitral, classe funcional Ib.] A doença degenerativa mixomatosa da válvula mitral (DDMVM) é uma cardiopatia de alta incidência na clínica médica de pequenos animais, acometendo mormente cães idosos e raças de pequeno porte. Desta forma, foi realizada uma investigação científica objetivando avaliar clinicamente a utilização dos fármacos maleato de enalapril e furosemida em cães com a referida enfermidade na classe funcional Ib da ICC, antes e após a terapêutica implantada. Para isso, utilizaram-se 16 cães portadores da valvulopatia supracitada, distribuídos em dois grupos; com o primeiro recebendo furosemida (n=8) e o segundo maleato de enalapril (n=8), durante 56 dias. Os cães foram avaliados em quatro momentos (T0, T14, T28 e T56 dias) quanto aos sinais clínicos e parâmetros hematológicos e bioquímico-séricos, que incluíram concentrações séricas da enzima conversora da angiotensina (ECA) e aldosterona, como também avaliações radiográficas, eletrocardiográficas, ecodopplercardiográficas e da pressão arterial. Os resultados quanto aos parâmetros clínicos, avaliações hematológicas e bioquímicas séricas não revelaram alterações significativas em ambos os grupos, mas reduções significativas nos valores de ECA e aldosterona no grupo que recebeu o maleato de enalapril foram identificadas. Ao exame radiográfico obser- Degenerative myxomatous mitral valve (DMMV) is a heart disease of high incidence in small animal clinical medicine, affecting mainly older dogs and small breeds. Thus, a scientific investigation was performed in order to evaluate the clinical use of the medicines furosemide and enalapril maleate in dogs with this disease in CHF functional class Ib before and after the treatment was established. For this purpose 16 dogs with the given valve disease were used, separated into two groups: the first received furosemide (n=8) and the second received enalapril maleate (n=8) throughout 56 days. The dogs were evaluated in four stages (T0, T14, T28 and T56 day) in relation to clinical signs, hematological, biochemical and serum assessment, which included serum angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and aldosterone, as well as radiography, electrocardiography, Doppler-echocardiography and blood pressure. The results regarding the clinical, hematological and serum chemistry evaluations revealed no significant changes in both groups, but significant reductions in the values of ACE and aldosterone in the group receiving enalapril maleate were verified. The radiographic examination revealed reductions of VHS values and variable Pms wave of the electrocardiogram in both groups, but no changes in blood pressure values were identified. The echocardiogram showed a significant decrease of the variables LVDd/ s in the studied groups and the FS% in animals that received only enalapril. Therefore, analysis of results showed that monotherapy based on e...

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Decreased Systolic Function and Inadequate Hypertrophy in Large and Small Breed Dogs with Chronic Mitral Valve Insufficiency

Abstract: Data from this study indicate that dogs with moderate heart failure caused by CMVI have systolic dysfunction. Inadequate hypertrophy of the left ventricle may be, in part, responsible for this finding.

Cited by 77 publications

References 29 publications

Survival Characteristics and Prognostic Variables of Dogs with Mitral Regurgitation Attributable to Myxomatous Valve Disease

Survival Characteristics and Prognostic Variables of Dogs with Mitral Regurgitation Attributable to Myxomatous Valve Disease

Evaluation of adverse reactions in dogs following intravenous mesenchymal stem cell transplantation

Clinical evaluation of enalapril maleate and furosemide usage in dogs with degenerative myxomatous mitral valve, CHF functional class Ib

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