Decentralised Active Power Control Strategy for Real-Time Power Balance in an Isolated Microgrid with an Energy Storage System and Diesel Generators

Abstract

Remote microgrids with battery energy storage systems (BESSs), diesel generators, and renewable energy sources (RESs) have recently received significant attention because of their improved power quality and remarkable capability of continuous power supply to loads. In this paper, a new proportional control method is proposed using frequency-bus-signaling to achieve real-time power balance continuously under an abnormal condition of short-term power shortage in a remote microgrid. Specifically, in the proposed method, the frequency generated by the grid-forming BESS is used as a global signal and, based on the signal, a diesel generator is then controlled indirectly. The frequency is controlled to be proportional to the AC voltage deviation of the grid-forming BESS to detect sudden power shortages and share active power with other generators. Unlike a conventional constant-voltage constant-frequency (CVCF) control method, the proposed method can be widely applied to optimise the use of distributed energy resources (DERs), while maintaining microgrid voltages within an allowable range, particularly when active power balance cannot be achieved only using CVCF control. For case studies, a comprehensive model of an isolated microgrid is developed using real data. Simulation results are obtained using MATLAB/Simulink to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method in improving primary active power control in the microgrid.

Distributed Energy Resources Management 2018

“…This paper provides a summary of the Special Issue of Energies covering the published articles [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13], which address several topics related to distributed energy resources management. Table 1 identifies the most relevant topics in each publication of the 2018 Edition.…”

“…Moon et al [8] proposed a method for real-time active power control in a microgrid with energy storage systems and diesel generators operating in island mode. Distributed energy resources were managed in order to ensure an active power balance while keeping the frequency and voltage within determined levels.…”

“…The Special Issue "Distributed Energy Resources Management 2018" includes 13 papers [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13], and is a continuation of the Special Issue "Distributed Energy Resources Management" published in https://www.mdpi.com/journal/energies/special_issues/distributed_energy_resources_ management2018. The success of the previous Special Issue, for which the summary is published in [14], shows the unquestionable relevance of distributed energy resources in the operation of power and energy systems at both the distribution level, and at the wide power system level.…”

Optimization to Limit the Effects of Underloaded Generator Sets in Stand-Alone Hybrid Ship Grids

“…Using a slow-speed PMSG (with a direct drive) leads to the elimination of these faults [6,11]. The solution proposed in this article optimizing the work of two different current sources (SG and DG) may possibly also be used on land in so-called stand-alone hybrid electric grids, which assume parallel operation of DGs and WGs (wind generators) [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. This article refers to the power system of a ship grid, in which the SG uses a PMSG.…”

Implementation of Optimal Two-Stage Scheduling of Energy Storage System Based on Big-Data-Driven Forecasting—An Actual Case Study in a Campus Microgrid

“…Optimal energy scheduling using an ESS is crucial to cope with the uncertainties of RESs and loads, and to ensure the reliable and economical operation of the MG. The MG can operate in the grid-connected and islanded modes [12,13].…”