Optimization to Limit the Effects of Underloaded Generator Sets in Stand-Alone Hybrid Ship Grids

German-Galkin, Sergey; Tarnapowicz, Dariusz; Matuszak, Zbigniew; Jáskiéwicz, Marek

doi:10.3390/en13030708

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Analytical and modeling tests were conducted on the basis of the analysis of electromagnetic processes in quasi-steady modes, described in the classical works of scientists in the field of electrical engineering, electromechanics and automatic control theory [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ].…”

Section: Functional Diagram Of the ‘Shore To Ship’ (Sts) Mechatronmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the active converter connected to the network via a parametric choke ( r 1 , X 1 ), current control is usually realized when the current in CA_1 is generated with the use of negative feedback from the transmitter [ 28 , 29 ]. In such a case, the set (control) signals are network currents ( I x , I y ) in the x and y axes.…”

Section: Analysis Of the Sts System With Current Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Energy Optimization of the ‘Shore to Ship’ System—A Universal Power System for Ships at Berth in a Port

German-Galkin

Tarnapowicz

2020

Sensors

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One of the most effective methods of limiting air pollution emissions by ships at a berth in a port is the power connection of ships to the on-shore system. “Shore to Ship” (STS)—A universal system for the connection of the ship’s electrical power network with the on-shore network—ensures the adoption of the voltage and frequency of the on-shore network for the exploitation of various types of ships in the port. The realization of such a system is possible due to the use of semiconductor technologies during the construction of mechatronic systems (i.e., systems that ensure the maintenance of electricity parameters). The STS system ensures energy efficiency for high-power ship systems through the use of an active semiconductor converter. This article presents an analysis of steady state electromagnetic and energy processes, allowing the determination of the active and reactive power and losses in the STS system. The presented analytical research enables the development of a control algorithm that optimizes the system energy efficiency. In the article, the control methods allowing the optimization of the energy characteristics of the system are considered and investigated. On the basis of theoretical studies, a model was developed in the Matlab-Simulink environment, which allowed us to study steady and transient processes in the STS system in order to reduce losses in power lines and semiconductor converters.

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Section: Functional Diagram Of the ‘Shore To Ship’ (Sts) Mechatronmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Analysis Of the Sts System With Current Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Optimization of the ‘Shore to Ship’ System—A Universal Power System for Ships at Berth in a Port

German-Galkin

Tarnapowicz

2020

Sensors

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“…The inductive and active resistance in the equivalent circuit are internal parameters of the machine. The mathematical description of PMSG is carried out in the synchronously rotating coordinate system (x,y) using the generalized (resulting) vector method [9,12,16] and the "main component " method [3,8]. This mathematical description looks like:…”

Section: Mathematical Description Of Pmsg / Matematički Opis Pmsg-amentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Then from geometrical constructions ( Figure 6), it is possible to defi ne longitudinal and transverse components of currents at which reactive power at the PMSG output is equal to zero. Calculation of energy characteristics of the generator at such control is carried out by equations (7,8,9).…”

Section: Energy Characteristics Of An Optimized Shaft Generator With mentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Optimization of Ship’s Shaft Generator with Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator

German-Galkin¹,

Tarnapowicz²

2020

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With the development of power electronic systems, the use of a shaft generator in ship power plant systems is becoming more widespread. The use of the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG) in these systems instead of the commonly used Electrically Excited Synchronous Generator (EESG) results in increased propulsion effi ciency and reliability of the ship's power plant. The lack of a voltage regulator in PMSG requires the use of an electronic power converter to maintain constant voltage parameters in the ship's network, consisting of an active rectifi er (AR) and an active network inverter (AI). The article presents AR tests in the PMAG-AR system, whose task is to maintain a constant voltage of the DC circuit when the shaft speed and load changes, as a result of which the selection of AI remains a simple choice. Energy optimization of the shaft generator system was also carried out, which allows reducing losses in AR and PMSG by limiting reactive power in the PMSG-AR system, which is particularly important in high power plants. Sažetak Razvojem sustava energetske elektronike, uporaba osovinskog generatora u sustavima brodskih energetskih postrojenja postaje sve raširenija. Primjena sinkronog generatora s permanentnim magnetima (PMSG) u tim sustavima, umjesto najčešće korištenog sinkronog generatora s električnom uzbudom (EESG), dovodi do povećane pogonske učinkovitosti i pouzdanosti brodskog energetskog postrojenja. Nedostatak regulatora napona u PMSG-u zahtijeva uporabu elektroničkog pretvarača za održavanje konstantnih parametara napona u brodskoj mreži, a sastoji se od aktivnog ispravljača (AR) i aktivnog mrežnog pretvarača (AI). U članku su prikazani AR testovi u PMAG-AR sustavu, čiji je zadatak održavati konstantan napon kruga istosmjerne struje kada se mijenja brzina osovine i opterećenja, te kao rezultat toga AI ostaje jednostavan izbor. Izvršena je i energetska optimizacija sustava osovinskog generatora, što omogućava smanjenje gubitaka u AR-u i PMSG-u ograničavanjem jalove snage u sustavu PMSG-AR, a to je posebno važno u postrojenjima velike snage. KEY WORDS shaft generator permanent magnet synchronous machine active rectifi er energy optimization KLJUČNE RIJEČI osovinski generator sinkroni stroj s permanentnim magnetima aktivni ispravljač optimizacija energije

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“…Applying DGs in hybrid systems along with other electric power sources also causes the diesel engine to operate at a reduced load for long periods [1]. This leads to "wet stacking," which increases the commonly known cost of engine exploitation and unfavorable environmental phenomena [2]. Furthermore, operating a DG set at a load level less than 30% of maximum output is the key trigger behind the polishing and glazing phenomena of cylinders [3][4][5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Low Charge and Environmental Conditions on Diesel Generators Operation

Issa

Ibrahim

Hosni³

et al. 2020

Eng

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In the context of electricity production in remote areas, the use of diesel generators, either alone or in hybridization with renewable energy sources, faces many technical problems. Indeed, the electrical instability that often characterizes the isolated networks, due to the fluctuating character of renewable resources and the high variability in the load profile, leads to the operation of the diesel generator in transient dynamic conditions, at low loads or outside prescribed environmental conditions. Furthermore, the extended operation of the diesel generator at low charge results in the condensation of combustion residues on the engine cylinder walls, which, after a certain time, increases friction, reduces the efficiency and increases fuel consumption. One way to solve this problem and to eliminate these deposits is to operate the engine at a higher speed until the operating temperature is reached. This paper explores the impact of the wind turbine penetration rate for hybrid wind–diesel systems and the effects of cold temperatures, high altitude, and other environmental operation conditions on diesel generators’ performances. We outlines the impacts of low load and environmental conditions such as ambient temperature, humidity, moisture, abrasive dust, cold and corrosive environments on the operation of modern diesel generators. The problem has been approached by examining the existing literature, researching damage cases, analyzing existing data, and assessing industrial experiences.

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Optimization to Limit the Effects of Underloaded Generator Sets in Stand-Alone Hybrid Ship Grids

Cited by 15 publications

References 20 publications

Energy Optimization of the ‘Shore to Ship’ System—A Universal Power System for Ships at Berth in a Port

Energy Optimization of the ‘Shore to Ship’ System—A Universal Power System for Ships at Berth in a Port

Energy Optimization of Ship’s Shaft Generator with Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator

Effects of Low Charge and Environmental Conditions on Diesel Generators Operation

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