Death of a husband or marital divorce related to risk of breast cancer in middle-aged women. A nested case-control study among Norwegian women born 1935–1954

Kvikstad, Anne; Vatten, Lars J.; Tretli, Steinar; Kvinnsland, Stener

doi:10.1016/0959-8049(94)90422-7

Cited by 36 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Among the eight studies included in the meta-analysis, six were case-controls 14,15,16,17,26,27 and two were cohort studies 8,9 . The eight studies included a total of 66,612 women.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first analysis considered studies on the association between widowhood and breast cancer 9,26,27 (Figure 1). These three studies were used in the second analysis with divorce as the risk factor (Figure 2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The types of stress measured in the two studies were stressful events and divorce and widowhood, respectively. The six case-control studies 14,15,16,17,26,27 were from Denmark, England, Norway, Australia, and the United States. The combined population consisted of 54,342 women.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two analyses referred to the three studies that calculated relative risk for breast cancer as a function of stressful life events: the categories widowhood and separation (divorce) 9,26,27 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We thus analyzed the cohort studies based on 19 items (1,2,3,5,6,7,9,10,11,12,16,17,18,20,21,22,25,26,27) and the case-control studies based on 17 items (1,2,3,5,6,7,10,11,12,16,17,18,20,21,22,25,27). Items 9 and 26 were not used in the evaluation of case-control studies since they contain questions that do not apply to this type of study.…”

Section: Methodological Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association between stress and breast cancer in women: a meta-analysis

et al. 2009

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The objective of the current meta-analysis was to verify the association between stressful life events and primary breast cancer incidence in women. A total of 618 studies from 1982-2007 were found in the PubMed, LILACS, and Cochrane Library databases. Methodological quality was evaluated according to the Downs & Black criteria. Eight studies were selected (six case-controls and two cohorts). The studies were grouped in three analyses, two of which based on the categories widowhood and divorce and the other based on self-rated intensity and frequency of stressful events. Relative risks were: widowhood 1.04 (95%CI: 0.75-1.44; p = 0.800); divorce 1.03 (95%: 0.72-1.48; p = 0.850); and intensity/frequency of stress 1.73 (95%CI: 0.98-3.05; p = 0.059). We conclude that stressful life events as a whole are not associated with risk of breast cancer in women. However, it is not possible to rule out high-intensity stress as a risk factor for breast cancer.

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“…Among the eight studies included in the meta-analysis, six were case-controls 14,15,16,17,26,27 and two were cohort studies 8,9 . The eight studies included a total of 66,612 women.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodological Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association between stress and breast cancer in women: a meta-analysis

et al. 2009

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The role of psychosocial factors in the development of breast carcinoma: Part II

Price

Tennant

Butow

et al. 2001

Cancer

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Yamasaki

Kurokawa

Okita

2003

Cancer

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Black liquor droplets, initially 1–3 mm in diameter, were burned while simultaneously measuring surface and internal temperature, mass loss, and diameter to gain insight into the physical processes of single droplet combustion. Data were collected by weighing a droplet hanging on a thermocouple wire within a heated furnace. Two‐color images of the droplet were obtained to determine a surface temperature and particle size. The data suggest that models of droplet combustion should treat drying, devolatilization, and char oxidation as occurring simultaneously, though typically in different regions of the particle. Isothermal models should be avoided as temperature differences in excess of 300 K exist between the surface and interior, with larger gradients along the surface. Droplet swelling increased at lower ambient temperatures, and is greater for softwood than hardwood liquors. Additional unidentified factors also influence swelling, meaning it is still highly unpredictable and may be a function of initial droplet shape, size, and chemical composition. © 2008 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2008

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Death of a husband or marital divorce related to risk of breast cancer in middle-aged women. A nested case-control study among Norwegian women born 1935–1954

Cited by 36 publications

References 25 publications

Association between stress and breast cancer in women: a meta-analysis

Association between stress and breast cancer in women: a meta-analysis

The role of psychosocial factors in the development of breast carcinoma: Part II

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