Data collection and irradiance conversion of lunar obsevation for MERSI

Ronghua, 吴荣华 Wu; Peng, 张鹏 Zhang; Xiaobing, 郑小兵 Zheng; Xiuqing, 胡秀清 Hu; Na, 徐娜 Xu; Lu, 张璐 Zhang; Yanli, 乔延利 Qiao

doi:10.3788/ope.20192708.1819

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Opportunities for Earth-orbiting satellites to see the Moon are not costly; the Moon is sometimes observed by geosynchronous satellites in cold-space corners [26], LEO satellites can view the Moon periodically by arranging attitude maneuvers [27,28], and flagship satellites usually refrain from frequent large-angle maneuvers, but the Moon can appear unscheduled in the field of view (FOV) of satellites set up with a space-view port [29][30][31]. Such events can be predicted by spatial relations [32]. As shown in Figure 1, the diversity in the appearance of lunar data stems from differences in sampling mechanisms, which potentially increases the difficulty of extracting lunar radiation and explicitly affects the accuracy with which it reflects instrument characteristics as well as indicates lunar properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activities to Promote the Moon as an Absolute Calibration Reference

Jing

Wang

et al. 2023

Remote Sensing

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The accuracy and consistency of Earth observation (EO) instrument radiometric calibration is a fundamental prerequisite for achieving accurate results and delivering reliable predictions. Frequent calibration and validation (Cal/Val) activities are needed during the instrument’s lifetime, and this procedure is often extended to historical archives. Numerous satellites in orbit and proposed future missions have incorporated lunar observation into their vicarious calibration components over recent years, facilitated by the extreme long-term photometric stability of the Moon. Since the birth of the first lunar calibration reference model, lunar-dependent calibration techniques have developed rapidly, and the application and refinement of the lunar radiometric model have become a welcome research focus in the calibration community. Within the context of the development of lunar observation activities and calibration systems globally, we provide a comprehensive review of the activities and results spawned by treating the Moon as a reference for instrument response and categorize them against the understanding of lunar radiometric reference. In general, this appears to be a process of moving from data to instruments, then back into data, working towards a stated goal. Here we highlight lunar radiometric models developed by different institutions or agencies over the last two decades while reporting on the known limitations of these solutions, with unresolved challenges remaining and multiple lunar observation plans and concepts attempting to address them from various perspectives, presenting a temporal development. We also observe that the methods seeking uncertainty reduction at this stage are rather homogeneous, lacking the combination of approaches or results from lunar surface studies conducted by many spacecraft missions, and joint deep learning methods to extract information. The factors that influence the accuracy of the measurement irradiance may be regulated when practical models arrive. As a central element in lunar calibration, the development of an absolute radiometric datum helps to better understand the Earth system.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activities to Promote the Moon as an Absolute Calibration Reference

Jing

Wang

et al. 2023

Remote Sensing

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Dynamic space–time dark level correction approach for lunar radiometric calibration of the Lunar Observation Imaging Spectrometer

An¹,

Wang²,

Zhao³

et al. 2023

Appl. Opt.

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Lunar radiometric calibration is used to solve the problem of consistent radiometric calibration for multiple satellite platforms and remote sensors. However, the dark level fluctuates when observing the Moon with a short-wave infrared spectrometer, which seriously affects the accuracy of lunar radiation data. In this work, we propose a dynamic space–time dark level correction approach to address the fluctuation of the dark level. This method employs cold space signals in space and time dimensions to estimate the dark level for each frame individually and to reduce errors due to environmental variations. Experiments on lunar observations at multiple phase angles were conducted, and the dark level correction results demonstrate that our proposed method is effective even in the short-wave infrared, and is also superior to currently existing techniques. For a single-band (1700 nm) image of the full Moon, the mean background proportion of the proposed method is 1.00%, which is better than that of the static dark correction method (2.25%) and linear dark correction method (5.93%).

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FY-3D MERSI On-Orbit Radiometric Calibration from the Lunar View

Zhang

et al. 2020

Sensors

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Limited by the on-orbital calibration capability, scaling the measured radiance in accuracy and stability is challenging for the Earth observation satellites in the reflective solar bands (RSBs). Although the lunar calibration is a well-developed technique in the RSBs, limited work has been done for Chinese Earth observation satellites. To improve the on-orbital calibration performance, the advanced MEdium Resolution Spectral Imager (MERSI II), which is the primary payload of the fourth satellite of the Fengyun 3 Series (FY-3D), expands the space view angle of the imager in order to capture better lunar images. In this study, we propose an absolute radiometric calibration method based on the FY-3D/MERSI lunar observation data. A lunar irradiance model named ROLO/GIRO has been used together with the necessary data procedures, including dark current count estimation, single pixel irradiance calculation, and full disk lunar irradiance calculation. The calibration coefficients obtained by the lunar calibration are compared with the pre-launch laboratory calibration. The results show that the deviations between the two calibration procedures are in a reasonable range in general. However, a relatively high non-linear response was found in the low energy incidence for some detectors, which leads to the large deviation in the corresponding bands. This study explored an ideal and independent method to validate MERSI on-orbit radiometric performance. The lunar calibration practiced for MERSI also gave a valuable example that can be recommended to the other Chinese Earth observation satellites.

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Data collection and irradiance conversion of lunar obsevation for MERSI

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Activities to Promote the Moon as an Absolute Calibration Reference

Activities to Promote the Moon as an Absolute Calibration Reference

Dynamic space–time dark level correction approach for lunar radiometric calibration of the Lunar Observation Imaging Spectrometer

FY-3D MERSI On-Orbit Radiometric Calibration from the Lunar View

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