Dairy products and bone health: how strong is the scientific evidence?

Heuvel, Ellen G. H. M. van den; Steijns, Jan M.

doi:10.1017/s095442241800001x

Cited by 48 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…In this regard, the consumption of fish and olive oil should be increased, as they are rich in mono and polyunsaturated fats that prevent the development of CVD [47]. Moreover, the intake of milk and dairy should be optimized, because an adequate consumption of these products, enriched in calcium and vitamin D, may improve bone health [48].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition behaviour and compliance with the Mediterranean diet pyramid recommendations: an Italian survey-based study

Bracale

Vaccaro²,

Coletta³

et al. 2019

Eat Weight Disord

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Purpose Adopting a Mediterranean-like dietary pattern may help in preventing several chronic diseases. We assessed the eating behaviour and compliance with the Mediterranean diet pyramid recommendations in Italy. Methods This is a cross-sectional study conducted in subjects aged ≥ 20 years. A 14-question survey based on the updated Mediterranean diet pyramid was launched online from April 2015 to November 2016. At test completion, a personalized pyramid displaying the possible deficiencies and/or excesses was generated, that could be the basis to plan diet and lifestyle modifications. Results Overall, 27,540 subjects completed the survey: the proportion of females (75.6%), younger subjects (20.7%) and people with a University degree (33.1%) resembled those of the Italian population of Internet users rather than of the general population. 37.8% of participants declared a sedentary lifestyle, including 29.6% of those aged 20-29 years. A lower-thanrecommended intake of all food categories included in the Mediterranean diet pyramid, along with excess of sweets, red and processed meats, emerged, that may affect health in the long term. Low adherence to recommendations was observed especially among females and older people. Notably, a discrepancy surfaced between the responders' perceived and actual behaviour toward the regular consumption of fruits and vegetables (81.8% vs 22.7-32.8%, respectively). Conclusions The nutritional habits and lifestyle of Italian participants are poorly adherent to the Mediterranean diet recommendations. The personalized pyramid tool may help in raising the awareness of individuals and their families on where to intervene, possibly with the support of healthcare professionals, to improve their behaviour. Level of evidence Level V, cross-sectional descriptive study.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition behaviour and compliance with the Mediterranean diet pyramid recommendations: an Italian survey-based study

Bracale

Vaccaro²,

Coletta³

et al. 2019

Eat Weight Disord

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In conclusion, the beneficial role of dairy products in bone health has been more extensively established in Chinese and Caucasian girls and women [27], but these results could not be replicated for other populations. Nevertheless, the available evidence is insufficient because studies on calcium alone and other dairy products are limited in size, number, and duration and advanced research on the influence of dairy products within the context of bone health-promoting diets in specific ethnic groups, other than the above-mentioned studies, is needed [27].…”

Section: Calcium Vitamin D and Dairy Productsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Nutrients and Dietary Patterns Related to Osteoporosis

2020

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Osteoporosis is a common chronic disease characterized by a decrease in bone mineral density, impaired bone strength, and an increased risk of fragility fractures. Fragility fractures are associated with significant morbidity, mortality and disability and are a major public health problem worldwide. The influence of nutritional factors on the development and progression of this disease can be significant and is not yet well established. Calcium intake and vitamin D status are considered to be essential for bone metabolism homeostasis. However, some recent studies have questioned the usefulness of calcium and vitamin D supplements in decreasing the risk of fractures. The adequate intake of protein, vegetables and other nutrients is also of interest, and recommendations have been established by expert consensus and clinical practice guidelines. It is important to understand the influence of nutrients not only in isolation but also in the context of a dietary pattern, which is a complex mixture of nutrients. In this review, we evaluate the available scientific evidence for the effects of the main dietary patterns on bone health. Although some dietary patterns seem to have beneficial effects, more studies are needed to fully elucidate the true influence of diet on bone fragility.

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“…2) Unbiased and larger epidemiological studies are required to confirm the factors associated with bone fracture occurrence in children and youth. Studies of the etiology of bone fractures suggest that some characteristics of children [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] and parents [11][12][13][14][15] may be associated with an increased risk of bone fractures in children and youth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and risk of bone fractures in offspring: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021

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This study aimed to investigate the effect of maternal smoking during pregnancy (MSDP) on the risk of bone fractures in the offspring through a systematic review and meta-analysis. The PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were systematically searched for relevant articles published through July 2019. According to heterogeneity, the pooled risk ratio (RR) and odds ratio (OR) and their corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were obtained using fixed or random effects models. The heterogeneity and quality of the included studies were assessed by the I-squared (I 2) statistic and the Newcastle-Ottawa scale, respectively. Sensitivity analyses were performed to test the effect of MSDP misclassification on the results. The review of 842 search records yielded 5 studies including 8,746 mother-child pairs that were included in the meta-analysis. Pooling adjusted effect measures showed that MSDP was not associated with a later risk of bone fractures in the offspring (pooled RR, 1.15; 95% CI, 0.84-1.58; I 2 =66.8%; P=0.049). After the adjustment for misclassification, MSDP may be associated with a 27% increased risk of bone fracture (pooled OR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.00-1.62; I 2 =0%; P=0.537). After the adjustment for misclassification, MSDP is associated with an increased risk of bone fractures among children whose mothers smoked during pregnancy.

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Dairy products and bone health: how strong is the scientific evidence?

Cited by 48 publications

References 92 publications

Nutrition behaviour and compliance with the Mediterranean diet pyramid recommendations: an Italian survey-based study

Nutrition behaviour and compliance with the Mediterranean diet pyramid recommendations: an Italian survey-based study

Nutrients and Dietary Patterns Related to Osteoporosis

Association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and risk of bone fractures in offspring: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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