Daily Water Consumption for Household Purposes and Its Variability in a Rural Household

Bergel, T.; Kotowski, Tomasz; Woyciechowska, Olga

doi:10.12911/22998993/63312

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…The weekly cycle differs from those found in the literature for dwelling houses where the highest consumption occurs in weekend and the lowest in weekdays. (Podwójci, 2011;Bergel et al, 2016). It can be stated that in the SGGW campus the part-time students do not use such quantity of water as the full-time students on weekdays, moreover many students from the student dormitories come back home on weekends.…”

Section: Results Of Investigations and Their Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Water Consumption in the Campus of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW in Years 2012-2016

Wichowski¹,

Rutkowska²,

Kamiński³

et al. 2019

J. Ecol. Eng.

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On the basis of the registered indications of the water meter, a study on the size and variability of water consumption on the WULS campus in the academic years 2012/16 is presented. The average specific water consumption at a time when classes are implemented amounted to 26.6 dm 3 per student per day for full-time studies student and 19.7 dm 3 per student per day for the student part-time studies. During the holiday season, the rates are lower at 18.4 and 11.8 dm 3 per student per day, respectively. These ratios were determined without taking the water consumption in the dorms into account. The daily peaking factor amounted (N d) to 1.36, while the hourly peaking factor (N h), reached 1.71. Within the week cycle, the highest water consumption was observed in Tuesdays and the lowest-in Sundays. The average Tuesday demands are 40% higher than the Sunday demands. The water consumption peaks during the day occur between 11 a.m. and 1 p.m. as well as 11 p.m. and 1 a.m. The hourly structure of the water distribution in the WULS-SGGW campus is similar to the weekend structure of water distribution in multi-family residential buildings, with the exception of the later occurrence of the evening summit.

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Section: Results Of Investigations and Their Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Water Consumption in the Campus of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW in Years 2012-2016

Wichowski¹,

Rutkowska²,

Kamiński³

et al. 2019

J. Ecol. Eng.

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“…a. Domestic Water Needs The average water consumption level to be achieved by 2016 is 150 ltr / people / day for home connections and beyond until 2035 (13,14). b.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Clean Water Needs Balikpapan, East Kalimantan, Indonesia

Fitriati¹,

Kurdi²,

Isramaulana³

et al. 2020

Proceedings of the Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Environmental Science and Sustainable Development, ICESSD

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Clean water in human life has a very important function. The Human need for clean water is directly proportional to the population growth. In Balikpapan, which is the capital city of East Kalimantan Province has population 735,850 people by 2015, which represents 22% of total population of East Kalimantan. The results obtained for needs of clean water have not been sufficient and the water quality data has qualified the water requirements Class I. In the calculation of clean water needs of Balikpapan City above, the percentage of non-domestic with domestic demand is 50.30% its mean Balikpapan City have a lot of facility especially office and international company. Balikpapan City needs to immediately add the capacity of Intake because in 2017, is unable to meet the needs of clean water in Balikpapan City. Tirta Manggar PDAM has almost reached 80% service coverage, but loss of water equal to 36.92%.

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“…Based on the calculations, tables have been prepared for the emission of pollutants resulting from heating homes with solid fuels. The following assumptions have been made for the purpose of the study: average area of a single-family building-120 m 2 ; average number of people living in the building-3 people; average water consumption per person in the building according to the standard of needs [60,61]; the average temperature of hot water in the circulation of the water supply system of the building-45 degrees Celsius; and the number of days of hot water use in the building-365. For the purpose of the calculations, the lack of internal circulation of hot water was also assumed.…”

Section: Financial Costs and Ecological Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Modernization Cost and the Potential Ecological Effect—Scenario Analysis for Thermal Modernization in Southern Poland

et al. 2021

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Air pollution is one of the important environmental problems in Poland. The main cause of its occurrence is emissions associated with individual heating of buildings. The reduction of the primary energy demand in a building is influenced by its proper thermal modernization, including in particular insulating. In view of the above, this article presents the results of studies on the possible environmental benefits of thermal modernization of single-family houses for the area of Southern Poland. The analysis was limited to determining the impact of measures to reduce air pollution emissions by insulating the building envelope of single-family houses. The research was conducted for two voivodeships: Śląskie and Małopolskie. Its aim is to identify the financial costs and achievable ecological effects of the thermal modernization of single-family buildings. The geographical selection of the research area was based on the fact that it covers the most polluted region in Poland. This region is characterized by many features that influence poor air quality. Among these features, the most important are: diversified building structure, a diverse topography, and very high population density. To limit multiple variables, we have selected a scenario method that has already been used in similar research. Four scenarios were established to show the relationship between the value of emission reductions and the level of funding for thermal modernization. The analysis allows a comparison of the effectiveness of individual variants and the transposition of their results into the possibilities of action in the region. This research will help to supplement the knowledge of the impact of insulating building envelopes on reducing pollutant emissions by reducing the energy demand of a building. They also identify a possible link between the level of this reduction and the grant amount for thermal modernization. As a result, it was found that a high share of external funding—stimulating the tendency of the inhabitants of the analyzed voivodeships to effective thermal modernization, and thus reducing the buildings’ energy consumption—has a significant impact on the improvement of air quality.

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Daily Water Consumption for Household Purposes and Its Variability in a Rural Household

Cited by 12 publications

References 1 publication

Analysis of Water Consumption in the Campus of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW in Years 2012-2016

Analysis of Water Consumption in the Campus of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW in Years 2012-2016

Study of Clean Water Needs Balikpapan, East Kalimantan, Indonesia

Thermal Modernization Cost and the Potential Ecological Effect—Scenario Analysis for Thermal Modernization in Southern Poland

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