Daily life habits associated with eveningness lead to a higher prevalence of dental caries in children

Abstract

Background/purposeCircadian rhythm is an endogenous daily variation observed in most physiological functions including salivary secretion. Irregular lifestyle causes many diseases such as obesity and sleep disorders. The aim of this study is to examine the effects of the timings of sleep and meal on the prevalence of dental caries.Materials and methodsStudy was conducted at university hospital in Japan. We asked 230 children (1–16 years old) to record the following life habits for 8 days: waking time, bedtime, mealtimes, snacking frequency, and tooth brushing frequency. We analyzed sleep habits from all data and compared dental caries and life habits using data from subjects with primary (2–7 years old) or permanent (11–16 years old) dentition period.ResultsThe number of dental caries assessed using the decay or filled teeth (dft) index correlated with bedtime, supper time, regularity of supper time, and snacking frequency in subjects with primary dentition. Multiple regression analysis revealed that bedtime and snacking frequency were mutually independent risk factors for dental caries. No correlations were found between the prevalence of dental caries and other measurement items. The number of caries correlated with the regularity of supper time and age in subjects with permanent dentition.ConclusionChildren with daily life habits associated with eveningness have a higher prevalence of dental caries.

Dental caries experience and related risk indicators of 12-year-old students in Jilin, China

“…[ 50 ] However, some scholars believe that brushing will not prevent DC. [ 25 ] We found 51.92% of students brushing their teeth twice daily, which was significantly higher than the results of Eritrea (19.1%). [ 18 ] However, 73.7% of children did not know that brushing teeth could prevent periodontal disease, and many students brushed their teeth alone without help.…”

“…[ 37 ] Various factors, including socio-economic factors, sample size, dietary behaviors, brushing habits, and cultural differences, can lead to different results. [ 2 , 3 , 8 , 14 , 15 , 24 , 25 ] Thus, it is necessary to carefully and reasonably interpret each result. We speculate that the high incidence of DC in Jilin Province may be attributed to the following 2 factors:…”

“…[ 23 ] Many scholars have reported that protective factors, including fluoride level of drinking water, a healthy diet, good oral habits, the pit and fissure sealing, can inhibit or even reverse demineralization. [ 2 , 14 , 16 – 18 , 20 , 24 , 25 ] Therefore, reducing risk factors and increasing protective factors may be an effective way to prevent DC. [ 26 ]…”

Tooth-Level Analysis of Dental Caries in Primary Dentition in Myanmar Children

“…Accumulated evidence and advanced prevention techniques of dental caries have contributed to the reduction in the prevalence of dental caries [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ]; however, in developing countries, the prevalence of dental caries in children remains high and is one of the major public health concerns [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ]. In these countries, dental treatment is still insufficient [ 15 ].…”

Extracellular Vesicles in Liquid Biopsies: Potential for Disease Diagnosis

“…A healthy individual secretes 600 ml of saliva per day, so obtaining adequate saliva samples is usually straightforward. The quality of EVs isolated from saliva can depend on numerous factors that affect the quality of the saliva sample, including the timing and location of sampling [ 70 , 83 , 84 ], as well as the technique of sample collection [ 85 ], which can be through passive drooling [ 86 ] or stimulation by chewing or administration of a chemical [ 87 ]. Concentrations of salivary tissue factors [ 88 ] and cortisol [ 89 ] follow a circadian rhythm, which can affect the isolation and analysis of EVs.…”