Daily Consumption of an Anthocyanin-Rich Extract Made From New Zealand Blackcurrants for 5 Weeks Supports Exercise Recovery Through the Management of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation: A Randomized Placebo Controlled Pilot Study

Hurst, Roger D.; Lyall, Kirsty A.; Wells, Robyn; Sawyer, Gregory M.; Lomiwes, Dominic; Ngametua, Nayer; Hurst, Suzanne M.

doi:10.3389/fnut.2020.00016

Cited by 32 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 78 publications

(101 reference statements)

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“…Sixteen studies were included in the review. One included sport performance, oxidative stress measures and side effects [16], eight included sport performance data only, [14,[18][19][20][21][22][23][24], three had oxidative stress measures [1,25,26], one had oxidative and cognitive measures [27], two included cognitive measures only [28,29], and one included oxidative measures and side effects [2]. Among the included studies, six were conducted in New Zealand, the remaining in the United Kingdom.…”

Section: Description Of Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Outcome measures have been reported for TNFα, IL-6, IL-10 and FRAP pre and post-exercise in those taking NZ BC or placebo [25,26]. The pre-exercise inflammatory markers were higher with the intervention treatment than placebo (TNFα, BC 3 vs PL 2.1 pg/mL; IL-6, BC 12 vs 10 pg/mL and IL-10, BC 80 vs 60 pg/mL) and oxidative stress marker higher on the intervention than placebo (FRAP, BC 0.15 vs 0.14%), although none of these reached significance.…”

Section: Oxidative Stress Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of New Zealand blackcurrant on sport performance and related biomarkers: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Braakhuis

Somerville

Hurst

2020

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

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Background Blackcurrants have come to be regarded as a superfood because of their high polyphenol content, namely anthocyanins. While many berry types have been studied, blackcurrant-anthocyanins may be the superior berry when it comes to athletic performance. The purpose of the review was to evaluate the effects of blackcurrant supplementation on athletic performance, oxidative markers, cognition, and side effects. Methods Systematic review and meta-analysis. Review manager software (version 5.3) was used for the meta-analysis. The risks of bias was independently assessed using the guidelines and criteria outlined in the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. The data sources for the search included MEDLINE (Ovid), Google Scholar databases, additional references lists, conference proceedings and grey literature until August 2019. Eligibility Criteria included all blackcurrant (New Zealand derived) interventions, randomised control trials, human participants, placebo-controlled only. Results A total of 16 separate studies met the criteria for inclusion in the systematic review, with 9 studies contributing to this sport performance meta-analysis. There was an improvement in sport performance when supplementing with blackcurrant, 0.45 (95% CI 0.09–0.81, p = 0.01). The effective dose appears to be between 105 and 210 mg of total blackcurrant anthocyanins, prior to exercise. There were insufficient studies reporting oxidative markers, cognitive effects or biomarkers, and/or side effects to comment on the mechanism of action. Conclusion Blackcurrant has a small, but significant, effect on sport performance, with no known detrimental side effects.

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Section: Description Of Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Oxidative Stress Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of New Zealand blackcurrant on sport performance and related biomarkers: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Braakhuis

Somerville

Hurst

2020

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

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“…Oxidative stress is reported in most of the different experimental disease models used in the included studies. For instance LPS treatment depleted the anti-oxidant status of cells ( 38 ), over-training elevated the levels of malondialdehyde ( 57 ), models of hypertension had elevated malondialdehyde levels as well as depleted glutathione ( 25 ), mechanism of Isoprenaline -induced myocardiac infarction involves free radical generation, increased necrosis, inflammation and cardiac fibrosis ( 44 ), TAA-intoxication causes an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) which may result in centrilobular necrosis ( 17 ), metabolic syndrome and non-communicable diseases such as diabetes and obesity can be caused by excess oxidative stress arising from disrupted cellular redox control ( 58 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunomodulatory and Mechanistic Considerations of Hibiscus sabdariffa (HS) in Dysfunctional Immune Responses: A Systematic Review

et al. 2021

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Hibiscus sabdariffa calyx (HS) water decoction extract is a commonly consumed beverage with various pharmacological properties. This systematic review examines the possible effect of HS intake on immune mediators. The Scopus and PUBMED databases were searched for all human and animal studies that investigated the effect of HS administration on immune related biomarkers. For each of the immune biomarkers, the mean, standard deviation and number of subjects were extracted for both the HS treated and untreated group. These values were used in the computation of standardized mean difference (SMD). Statistical analysis and forest plot were done with R statistical software (version 3.6.1). Twenty seven (27) studies met the eligibility criteria. Twenty two (22) of the studies were used for the meta-analysis which included a total of 1211 subjects. The meta-analysis showed that HS administration significantly lowered the levels of TNF-α (n=10; pooled SMD: -1.55; 95% CI: -2.43, -0.67; P < 0.01), IL-6 (n=11; pooled SMD:-1.09; 95% CI: -1.77, -0.40; P < 0.01), IL-1β (n=7; pooled SMD:-0.62; 95% CI: -1.25, 0.00; P = 0.05), Edema formation (n=4; pooled SMD: -2.29; 95% CI: -4.47, -0.11; P = 0.04), Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein -1 (n=4; pooled SMD: -1.17; 95% CI: -1.78, -0.57; P < 0.01) and Angiotensin converting enzyme cascade (n=6; pooled SMD: -0.91; 95% CI: -1.57, -0.25; P < 0.01). The levels of IL-10 (n=4; pooled SMD: -0.38; 95% CI: -1.67, 0.91; P = 0.56), Interleukin 8 (n=2; pooled SMD:-0.12; 95% CI: -0.76, 0.51; P = 0.71), iNOS (n=2; pooled SMD:-0.69; 95% CI: -1.60, 0.23 P = 0.14) and C- Reactive Protein (n=4; pooled SMD: 0.05; 95% CI: -0.26, 0.36; P = 0.75), were not significantly changed by HS administration. Some of the results had high statistical heterogeneity. HS may be promising in the management of disorders involving hyperactive immune system or chronic inflammation.

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“…Some biochemical parameters, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukins (ILs), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB), and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), are involved in the inflammatory responses. In contrast, the increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malonaldehyde, and the reduction in the activity/expression of antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), etc., are related to oxidative processes [ 65 , 66 , 67 ].…”

Section: Anthocyaninsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Clinical trials have also demonstrated that anthocyanin supplementation can improve cardiovascular function [ 79 , 80 , 84 , 89 , 91 ], modulate gut microbiota composition [ 90 , 91 ], alleviate ulcerative colitis symptoms [ 67 ], enhance exercise recovery effectiveness [ 66 ], reduce ocular fatigue [ 92 ], and maintain a healthy skin facial condition [ 93 ]. Therefore, the consumption of anthocyanins-rich fruits/extracts showed beneficial effects on glucose and lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, inflammatory cascade, and gut microbiota profile and, thereby their daily intake may have a key role in the prevention or treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, dyslipidemias, metabolic syndrome, neurodegenerative disorders, cardiovascular diseases, cancers, and other chronic degenerative diseases, as well as in maintaining overall health and wellbeing.…”

Section: Anthocyaninsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthocyanins Recovered from Agri-Food By-Products Using Innovative Processes: Trends, Challenges, and Perspectives for Their Application in Food Systems

et al. 2021

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Anthocyanins are naturally occurring phytochemicals that have attracted growing interest from consumers and the food industry due to their multiple biological properties and technological applications. Nevertheless, conventional extraction techniques based on thermal technologies can compromise both the recovery and stability of anthocyanins, reducing their global yield and/or limiting their application in food systems. The current review provides an overview of the main innovative processes (e.g., pulsed electric field, microwave, and ultrasound) used to recover anthocyanins from agri-food waste/by-products and the mechanisms involved in anthocyanin extraction and their impacts on the stability of these compounds. Moreover, trends and perspectives of anthocyanins’ applications in food systems, such as antioxidants, natural colorants, preservatives, and active and smart packaging components, are addressed. Challenges behind anthocyanin implementation in food systems are displayed and potential solutions to overcome these drawbacks are proposed.

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Daily Consumption of an Anthocyanin-Rich Extract Made From New Zealand Blackcurrants for 5 Weeks Supports Exercise Recovery Through the Management of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation: A Randomized Placebo Controlled Pilot Study

Cited by 32 publications

References 78 publications

The effect of New Zealand blackcurrant on sport performance and related biomarkers: a systematic review and meta-analysis

The effect of New Zealand blackcurrant on sport performance and related biomarkers: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Immunomodulatory and Mechanistic Considerations of Hibiscus sabdariffa (HS) in Dysfunctional Immune Responses: A Systematic Review

Anthocyanins Recovered from Agri-Food By-Products Using Innovative Processes: Trends, Challenges, and Perspectives for Their Application in Food Systems

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