Da memória traumática ao relato heróico: o papel da violência na identidade do Bairro da Población La Victoria, em Santiago do Chile

Cortés, Alexis

doi:10.5216/sec.v14i2.17610

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…El problema habitacional se produce a comienzos del siglo XX (Álvarez, 2014;Brito y Ganter, 2014), donde a través de la lucha y la demanda de pobladores/as hacia el Estado, logran acceso a la vivienda mediante la compra de terrenos o por legitimación de asentamientos masivos en el caso de las «tomas de terreno» 4 (Espinoza, 1988). La lucha contra la dictadura, en cambio, refiere a que dichas poblaciones fueron fuertemente reprimidas durante el Golpe de Estado por la policía y los militares (Corporación José Domingo Cañas, 2005;Cortés, 2011), no solo por su connotada adhesión al Gobierno de la Unidad Popular, sino también por contar con dinámicas colectivas de organización politicosocial (Cortés, 2016). Dicha represión y la resistencia por parte de pobladores/ as fue constante durante la dictadura militar y se intensificó en las protestas sociales frente a la crisis económica de los 80 (Bruey, 2018).…”

Section: Poblaciones Emblemáticas Y Transmisión De Memoria El Caso Chilenounclassified

“…De esta manera, los relatos del pasado de las poblaciones suelen articularse, por un lado, a través de recuerdos del presente vinculados a la historia y origen de la población (Álvarez, 2014;Brito y Ganter, 2014;Cortés, 2011;Parraguez, 2012;Raposo,2013;Tijoux, 2009); mientras que por otro, desde la experiencia dictatorial, ya sea por la violación a los derechos humanos padecida y sus efectos en el tejido comunitario, o bien por la activación de organizaciones sociales como resistencia a la represión (Aguilera, 2015;Barbera, 2008;Campos, 2009;Cortés, 2011Cortés, y 2016Garcés y Leiva, 2005;Raposo, 2013;Ruiz, 2014;Tijoux, 2009). Dichos estudios asumen y relevan cómo los relatos del pasado colaboran en la conformación de identidades colectivas.…”

Section: Poblaciones Emblemáticas Y Transmisión De Memoria El Caso Chilenounclassified

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La transmisión de memoria como mecanismo de intervención: Estudio de caso de una población «emblemática» y «crítica» en Santiago de Chile

Andreani¹,

Brith²,

Cruz³

et al. 2021

AIBR

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Memory studies in Latin America have focused on understanding the form in which societies remember and transmit the violence perpetrated by the dictatorships that affected the region between 1970 and 1990. In this regard, more recent research has recognized the need to focus on local territories. In this context, studies on "emblematic" neighborhoods have emerged in Chile given the active role of these urban territories during the resistance against the dictatorship. However, not enough attention has been paid to what and how the past is transmitted considering that these territories face not only past but also present violence, such as police harassment or drug trafficking. This research contributes to this field. Based on a 3-year ethnographic study (2016)(2017)(2018), the article analyzes the date produced in one of the observation settings -the "Heritage Day" -organized in an emblematic population of Santiago labeled by the State as a "critical neighborhood" for its levels of violence and social conflict. The analysis shows how memory transmission, in this case, operates as an intervention mechanism, overlooking and marginalizing lifestyles and closing the debate about different forms to live.

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Section: Poblaciones Emblemáticas Y Transmisión De Memoria El Caso Chilenounclassified

La transmisión de memoria como mecanismo de intervención: Estudio de caso de una población «emblemática» y «crítica» en Santiago de Chile

Andreani¹,

Brith²,

Cruz³

et al. 2021

AIBR

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“…Despite the violence inflicted on them, these working-class territories represented the principal foci of resistance to the military dictatorship, mainly through popular protests (Cortés, 2013;Schneider, 1995). As Tomás Moulian ( 2002) points out, it was at dusk that the most intense demonstrations of discontent unfolded in the working-class neighborhoods: cacerolazos (pot-banging), the honking of car horns, the building of barricades, candlelight vigils, and so on.…”

Section: Chilean Muralismmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Murals of La Victoria

Cortés¹

2016

Latin American Perspectives

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Muralism is one of the most striking expressions of one of Chile’s most emblematic working-class neighborhoods, La Victoria, which is known for the land takeover in which it originated and its resistance to the military dictatorship. Muralism served as the physical carrier of messages of resistance during the dictatorship and later consolidated an imaginary of political condemnation and venting in the face of repression. With democracy, muralism has made the memory of the neighborhood graphic, propitiated a dialogue between the experience of the land occupation and the dictatorship, and generated a discourse that, emerging from the popular, continues to confront the mechanisms of forgetting circulated by the official truths imposed by the compromised democratic transition. El muralismo es una de las expresiones más propias de uno de los barrios populares más emblemáticos de Chile: La Victoria, conocida por la toma que le dio origen y por su resistencia a la dictadura militar. El muralismo cumplió la función de ser el soporte físico de mensajes de resistencia durante la dictadura, consolidando posteriormente un imaginario de denuncia política y de desahogo frente a la represión. Con la democracia, el muralismo ha tenido la función de hacer gráfica la memoria de la población, propiciando un diálogo entre la experiencia de la toma y de la dictadura, generándose una discursividad que, desde lo popular, continúa enfrentando los dispositivos de desmemoria accionados por las verdades oficiales impuestas por la transición democrática pactada.

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“…A hundred people died as a result of the military and police repression during the days of Protests in Santiago (Corporación de Reparación y Reconciliación, Gobierno de Chile, 1996). In some settlements, these deaths—above all, those of young people—became the symbol of subjugation: the Vergara Toledo brothers in Villa Francia, Pedro Mariqueo in Lo Hermida (Peñalolén), and Len Ríos in La Legua, as well as the death of the worker-priest André Jarlan in Victoria (Cortés, 2011; Raposo, 2012; Rafael and Carmen 2014, personal correspondence; Vladimir Salamanca, 2014 personal correspondence). Thus, along with the social mobilization, public commemorations began to spread in the settlements and working class neighborhoods of the capital, by means of graffiti and shrines set up within these areas, in streets, alleys, and local plazas, as well as commemorative activities on the anniversaries of deaths and each September 11.…”

Section: Settlers’ Movements and Social Mobilization: Struggle For The City And Political Violencementioning

confidence: 99%

Memories and silences of a segregated city: Monuments and political violence in Santiago, Chile, 1970–1991

Aguilera

2014

Memory Studies

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How does Santiago, Chile, remember its dead, the victims of political violence of the 1970s and 1980s? The existence of dozens of memorials, monuments, and sites dedicated to the memory of victims of the dictatorship would seem to indicate a settled national cultural politics that recognizes the injustices and crimes committed by a terrorist State. The public, nongovernmental nature of the initiatives is, nonetheless, the first indication that we are dealing with an ambiguous political story. While the central government has supported these initiatives, they are mostly the result of efforts by social organizations and victims' groups. The spatial-temporal reading of the scenario of commemorative markers proposed in this article offers evidence of a geography of memory that is configured, on one hand, by a memory project that has inherited political trajectories which have been passed down for a long time, articulated by small groups that at certain junctures manage to form into producers of local memory. On the other hand, the high socioeconomic segregation in residential areas shapes politics of memory that are territorially discontinuous and that encourage forgetting in residential settings of the country's elite.

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Da memória traumática ao relato heróico: o papel da violência na identidade do Bairro da Población La Victoria, em Santiago do Chile

Cited by 4 publications

References 1 publication

La transmisión de memoria como mecanismo de intervención: Estudio de caso de una población «emblemática» y «crítica» en Santiago de Chile

La transmisión de memoria como mecanismo de intervención: Estudio de caso de una población «emblemática» y «crítica» en Santiago de Chile

The Murals of La Victoria

Memories and silences of a segregated city: Monuments and political violence in Santiago, Chile, 1970–1991

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