D<sub>1</sub>-Differential Potentiometric and<sub>1</sub>H-NMR Spectrometric Determinations of Ketoconazole and its Formulations

Abounassif, Mohammad A.; El-shazly, Bahaa-El-Din M.

doi:10.1080/00032718908051252

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…The proposed membrane sensor proved to be useful for an assay of the ketoconazole content of pharmaceutical preparations using both the titrimetric and standard addition methods. Assays of ketoconazole in its powdered tablets and creams using the proposed method and the official potentiometric method 14,16 were carried out; the results are summarized in Table 2. A titration curve of a ketoconazole tablet sample with sodium tetraphenylborate using the proposed ketoconazole sensor as an indicator electrode is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Meanwhile, ketoconazole may cause some changes in cytochrome P-450-dependent monooxygenase activities 4,5 as well as in epoxide hydrolase activity. 6 Due to the vital importance of ketoconazole determination in biological fluids and in pharmaceutical preparations, several chromatographic 3,7-11 and spectroscopic [12][13][14][15][16] methods for its quantitative determination have been reported. However, some of these methods need expensive equipment and/or are time consuming.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Preparation of a Ketoconazole Ion-Selective Electrode and Its Application to Pharmaceutical Analysis

Shamsipur

Jalali

2000

ANAL. SCI.

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Ketoconazole,-2-(1H-imidazole-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxyl]-phenyl]piperazine (I), is a highly effective broad-spectrum antifungal agent which is used to treat a wide variety of superficial and systematic mycoses.1,2 It has an advantage over other imizazole derivatives of producing adequate sustained blood levels following oral administration. Meanwhile, ketoconazole may cause some changes in cytochrome P-450-dependent monooxygenase activities 4,5 as well as in epoxide hydrolase activity. 6 Due to the vital importance of ketoconazole determination in biological fluids and in pharmaceutical preparations, several chromatographic 3,7-11 and spectroscopic [12][13][14][15][16] methods for its quantitative determination have been reported. However, some of these methods need expensive equipment and/or are time consuming.On the other hand, ion-selective membrane electrodes which are selective to a variety of ionic drugs have attracted increasing interest because of their potential use in pharmaceutical analysis. [17][18][19] The inherent advantages of ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) are simplicity, short measurement time, low cost, adequate precision and accuracy, adequate detection limits, wide analytical range, and particularly the ability to measure the activity of various drugs selectively, and in most cases, without prior separation of the drug of interest from the formulation matrix in colored or cloudy samples. These make ISE potentiometry very attractive for pharmaceutical analysis. [20][21][22] In this paper, we describe a simple potentiometric PVC-membrane sensor for the determination of ketoconazole in pharmaceutical preparations and in biological matrices. The membrane used in this electrode was made from liquid-plasticized PVC and was based on a water-insoluble ketoconazole-tetraphenylborate ion pair as an ion-exchanger. Experimental ReagentsAll of the chemicals used in this study were of the highest purity available and were used without further purification, except for vacuum drying over P2O5. Doubly distilled deionized water was used throughout. Reagent-grade ketoconazole as well as tablets and creams containing 200 mg and 2% of the drug, respectively, were obtained from Behvazan pharmaceutical company, Rasht, Iran. Reagent-grade nitrophenyl octyl ether (NPOE), tetrahydrofuran (THF), sodium tetraphenylborate (NaTPB), high relative molecular weight PVC and the nitrate salts of all cations used (all from Merck) were used as received.A working standard solution of 0.05 mol dm -3 ketoconazole was prepared by dissolving 0.2657 g of pure drug in ca. 6 cm 3 of 0.2 mol dm -3 hydrochloric acid and diluting to the mark with water in a 10 cm 3 calibrated volumetric flask. More dilute solutions were prepared by further dilution of appropriate volumes of the standard solution with water.The ion exchanger was prepared by shaking 5.0 cm 3 of a 0.01 mol dm -3 ketoconazole solution with an equal volume of a 0.01 mol dm -3 of sodium tetraphenylborate.The resulting ketoconazole-tetraphenylborate ion-pair precip...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Preparation of a Ketoconazole Ion-Selective Electrode and Its Application to Pharmaceutical Analysis

Shamsipur

Jalali

2000

ANAL. SCI.

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“…Good The PVC determination of KC in its powdered tablets and creams was carried out by the standard additions methods and the results (Table 2) were compared by those obtained by the of®cial potentiometric method [14,20]. The data given in Table 2 clearly indicate a good agreement between KC contents determined by the proposed and of®cial methods as well as the drug declared amounts in the drug preparations used.…”

Section: Determination Of Ketoconazolementioning

confidence: 92%

Electrochemical Behavior and Determination of Ketoconazole from Pharmaceutical Preparations

Shamsipur

Farhadi

2000

Electroanalysis

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The oxidation of ketoconazole (KC) was investigated by rotating disk electrode voltammetry, cyclic voltammetry, and controlled potential coulometry in chloroform at platinum (Pt), gold (Au), and glassy carbon (GC) electrodes using tetrabutylammonium perchlorate as supporting electrolyte. Based on the electrochemical results obtained, the following possible mechanism was proposed to explain the electrochemical oxidation of KC KC Àe ÀÀÀB AÀÀÀ KC Á À À À? Àe P j ; P H A differential pulse voltammetric method at a Pt electrode was developed for the determination of KC from pharmaceutical preparations in the concentration of 3.0610 76 ±1.061074 M. The procedure was applied to the determination of KC in its tablets and creams as well as its recovery from blood serum and urine samples.

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“…It acts by blocking the synthesis of ergosterol, an essential component of the fungal cell membrane. Thus, due to the vital importance of determination of these drugs in pharmaceutical preparations and biological fluids, several spectroscopic [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. high per-formance liquid chromatographic [13-/17] and electrochemical [18-/23] methods for assay of KC and also, various methods such as derivative spectrophotometry [24][25],colorimetry [5-6-26-27], HPLC [28-/30], electrochemistry [18] and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) [31] have been reported for the determination of CT in the literature.…”

Section: Ketoconazole (Kc) Cis-1-acetyl-4-[4-2-(24-dichlorophenyl)-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Extractive Spectrophotometric Determination of Ketoconazole, Clotrimazole and Fluconazole by Ion-Pair Complex Formation With Bromothymol Blue and Picric Acid

Alizadeh

Rezakhani

2012

J. Chil. Chem. Soc.

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The reactions of picric acid and bromothymol blue with three important antifungal drugs containing an imidazole ring ketoconazole (KC) and clotrimazole (CT) and fluconazole (FC) have been studied for the development of simple, rapid, sensitive an extractive-spectrophotometric method for determining the concentration of these drugs. This method is based on the formation of yellow ion-pair complexes between the basic nitrogen of the drug and sulphonphthalein acid dyes, namely; bromothymol blue (BTB) in phosphate buffer of pH =3 and picric acid (PA) in citrate buffer of pH=2.5. The formed complexes were extracted with chloroform and measured at 410 and 415nm for KC, at 410 and 413nm for CT and at 373 and 415nm for FC using PA and BTB, respectively. The analytical parameters and their effects on the reported systems are investigated. Beer's law was obeyed in the range 1-60 , 1-58 and 3-60 µg/ mL with PA and 3-55, 2-50 and 5-55 µg/ mL with BTB for CT, KC and FC, respectively. The composition of the ion pairs was found 1:1 by mole ratio and job¢ s method in all cases. The proposed methods have been applied successfully for the analysis of the studied drugs in pure forms and pharmaceutical formulations.The results are in good agreement with those obtained by official methods.

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D₁-Differential Potentiometric and₁H-NMR Spectrometric Determinations of Ketoconazole and its Formulations

Cited by 16 publications

References 5 publications

Preparation of a Ketoconazole Ion-Selective Electrode and Its Application to Pharmaceutical Analysis

Preparation of a Ketoconazole Ion-Selective Electrode and Its Application to Pharmaceutical Analysis

Electrochemical Behavior and Determination of Ketoconazole from Pharmaceutical Preparations

Extractive Spectrophotometric Determination of Ketoconazole, Clotrimazole and Fluconazole by Ion-Pair Complex Formation With Bromothymol Blue and Picric Acid

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D1-Differential Potentiometric and1H-NMR Spectrometric Determinations of Ketoconazole and its Formulations

Cited by 16 publications

References 5 publications

Preparation of a Ketoconazole Ion-Selective Electrode and Its Application to Pharmaceutical Analysis

Preparation of a Ketoconazole Ion-Selective Electrode and Its Application to Pharmaceutical Analysis

Electrochemical Behavior and Determination of Ketoconazole from Pharmaceutical Preparations

Extractive Spectrophotometric Determination of Ketoconazole, Clotrimazole and Fluconazole by Ion-Pair Complex Formation With Bromothymol Blue and Picric Acid

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D₁-Differential Potentiometric and₁H-NMR Spectrometric Determinations of Ketoconazole and its Formulations