Cytotoxic, allergic and genotoxic activity of a nickel-titanium alloy

Wever, Dirk Jan; Veldhuizen, Albert G.; Sanders, Matthew; Schakenraad, Jm; Horn, J.R. van

doi:10.1016/s0142-9612(97)00041-0

Cited by 336 publications

(153 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The corrosion causes the release of metals from the alloys used for their manufacture. In this context, some studies have shown that contact of orthodontic appliances with the oral mucosa is unable to cause cytotoxicity or genotoxicity [28][29][30] . White patches and ulcerations reflect extensive tissue injury upon orthodontic treatment.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preclinical Alterations of Oral Epithelial Cells in Contact With Orthodontic Appliances

Arruda¹,

Trevilatto²,

Camargo³

et al. 2011

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Aim. This study evaluated the behavior of oral epithelial cells in contact with orthodontic appliances. Methods. Oral epithelial cells of clinically normal buccal mucosa were obtained by liquid-based exfoliative cytology from 22 orthodontic patients. The following regions were evaluated: a) oral mucosa exposed to friction from orthodontic brackets; b) oral mucosa exposed to friction from the tube on the orthodontic band, and c) oral mucosa not exposed to friction (control area). Nuclear (NA) and cytoplasmic (CA) areas and NA/CA ratio were assessed by an image analysis system. Cell morphology and cellularity were also analyzed by Papanicolaou technique.Results. The NA of the cells in contact with orthodontic brackets and bands were smaller than the control area. Cells in contact with the brackets showed the greatest reduction in CA in comparison with the cells subjected to friction from the tube, and the control group. Smears classified as type I predominated in all regions analyzed, although type II were predominant, together with superficial epithelial cells, mainly in the oral mucosa in contact with the band tube.Conclusion. Preclinical alterations in the epithelial cells of oral mucosa, caused by orthodontic appliances, are reduction in NA, increase in cell keratinization and inflammatory features, especially in the band tube area.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preclinical Alterations of Oral Epithelial Cells in Contact With Orthodontic Appliances

Arruda¹,

Trevilatto²,

Camargo³

et al. 2011

BIOMED PAP

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“…In these biocompatibility experiments, conducted according to the regulations of the International Organization of Standardization (ISO), the shape-memory metal, nickel-titanium alloy provoked no cytotoxic, allergic or genotoxic responses [37]. An excellent implantation study was published by Ryhänen et al [27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The transition temperature of the rod, i.e., the temperature at which low-temperature phase martensite changes to the high-temperature phase austenite, was 25°C. For the composition and surface treatment of the used shape-memory alloy, the reader is referred to the articles on corrosion and biocompatibility [37,38]. The rod had been stored in sterile conditions at -18°C.…”

Section: Surgical Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scoliosis correction with shape-memory metal: results of an experimental study

et al. 2001

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IntroductionOperations for scoliosis are designed to correct the deformity and to prevent its progression by achieving a solid fusion. In 1962, Harrington introduced the use of spinal instrumentation for the surgical treatment of scoliosis [16]. In the 1980s, the development of spinal instrumentation expanded considerably. New anterior and posterior systems were introduced [2,6,10,12,18,32]. With these advanced segmental systems, better corrections are possible in the coronal and the sagittal plain in comparison with Harrington instrumentation. However, the literature is contradictory on the effect on axial rotation and rib cage deformity. In most literature it is suggested that axial plane correction is limited [13,19,21,33].Abstract The biocompatibility and functionality of a new scoliosis correction device, based on the properties of the shape-memory metal nickel-titanium alloy, were studied. With this device, the shape recovery forces of a shape-memory metal rod are used to achieve a gradual threedimensional scoliosis correction. In the experimental study the action of the new device was inverted: the device was used to induce a scoliotic curve instead of correcting one. Surgical procedures were performed in six pigs. An originally curved squared rod, in the cold condition, was straightened and fixed to the spine with pedicle screws. Peroperatively, the memory effect of the rod was activated by heating the rod to 50°C by a low-voltage, high-frequency current. After 3 and after 6 months the animals were sacrificed. The first radiographs, obtained immediately after surgery, showed in all animals an induced curve of about 40°Cobb angle -the original curve of the rod. This curve remained constant during the followup. The postoperative serum nickel measurements were around the detection limit, and were not significantly higher compared to the preoperative nickel concentration. Macroscopic inspection after 3 and 6 months showed that the device was almost overgrown with newly formed bone. Corrosion and fretting processes were not observed. Histologic examination of the sections of the surrounding tissues and sections of the lung, liver, spleen and kidney showed no evidence of a foreign body response. In view of the initiation of the scoliotic deformation, it is expected that the shape-memory metal based scoliosis correction device also has the capacity to correct a scoliotic curve. Moreover, it is expected that the new device will show good biocompatibility in clinical application. Extensive fatigue testing of the whole system should be performed before clinical trials are initiated.

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“…Comparative studies of biocompatibility between alloys 2 show that the solubilized nickel may present several adverse reactions. Despite the reports of some authors 3,4 of the lack of cytotoxicity of alloys, a study conducted by Fili 5 found that Ni-rich precipitates in NiTi osseous implants chemically passivized with HF, HNO 3 and H 2 O 300 days after implantation. A number of methodologies were proposed with the objective of creating a barrier that would block the release of nickel, resulting in an increased biocompatibility of the alloy and corrosion resistance: anodization 6,7 , heat treatments for superficial oxidation 8,9 , sputtering 10,11 , plasma electrolytic oxidation 12 , plasma immersion ion implantation 13 , hydroxiapatite/zirconia composite coating 14 , TiN coating 15 , sol-gel technology 16 metal vapor vaccum arc plasma source 17 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%