Cytokines, Masticatory Muscle Inflammation, and Pain: an Update

Ayoub, Sara; Berbéri, Antoine; Fayyad‐Kazan, Mohammad

doi:10.1007/s12031-020-01491-1

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…The activated glial cells release a series of inflammatory factors, such as interleukin-1 (IL-1 β ), which bind to the relevant receptors on the surface of the neuron, thereby enhancing the physiological activity of the neuron and finally aggravating the sensitivity of maxillofacial pain [ 19 , 20 ]. It was found that with the increase of stress time, the protein expression of IL-1 β and IL-1RI in rat trigeminal ganglion astrocytes increased greatly at 14 d of the stress, indicating that the release of IL-1 β and IL-1RI can activate astrocytes, which in turn increases the sensitivity of the masseter pain in rats, which was consistent with the research results of Doyle et al [ 21 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Effect of Restraint Stress on Pain Sensitivity, Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus Neurons, and Astrocytes in the Masseter Area of Rats

Han

2022

Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience

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To explore the changes of pain sensitivity (PS) in the masseter area (MA) in the rat model of psychological stress and the mechanism of action between spinal nucleus neurons and astrocytes in the trigeminal ganglion. The 40 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group (no treatment), group A (restraint stress (RS) 1 d), group B (RS 7 d), and group C (RS 14 d). The body weight growth rates (WGR) of rats in each group were compared and the difference of CORT and ACTH in serum was analyzed by ELISA. The open field test and the elevated “cross” maze test were adopted to detect the behavioral changes of rats. Finally, pain threshold of the MA in rats, the activation amount of brain tissue medulla oblongata parts astrocytes markers Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and the protein expression of IL-1β and IL-1RI were detected. The results showed the WGR at 7 d and 14 d was greatly lower than control group ( P < 0.01 ). In addition, the activity level and serum CORT and ACTH levels AND mean pain threshold in the MA of groups B and C were greatly lower than control group ( P < 0.05 ). The activation rate of GFRP in group C ( P < 0.01 ) and the protein expression of IL-1β and IL-1RI ( P < 0.05 ) in rat trigeminal ganglion astrocytes of groups B and C was greatly higher than control group, indicating the increase of RS time, the release of IL-1β and IL-1RI can activate neurons and astrocytes in spinal trigeminal nucleus (STN) nerve and increase the PS of the MA.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Effect of Restraint Stress on Pain Sensitivity, Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus Neurons, and Astrocytes in the Masseter Area of Rats

Han

2022

Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience

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“…These results may explain the potential mechanism behind the masseter hypertrophy in patients with parafunctional masticatory activity ( 179 , 180 ). The expression of IL-6 is also increased during other inflammatory conditions of the masticatory system, such as myofascial pain ( 181 ), which is part of the group of craniofacial musculoskeletal diseases known as TMDs ( 182 , 183 ). Increased levels of IL-6 have been reported in masseter muscles of adult women with myofascial pain compared to healthy controls, levels that are even higher during tooth clenching ( 184 ).…”

Section: Muscle-bone Crosstalk At the Masticatory System In Health Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

Muscle-Bone Crosstalk in the Masticatory System: From Biomechanical to Molecular Interactions

et al. 2021

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The masticatory system is a complex and highly organized group of structures, including craniofacial bones (maxillae and mandible), muscles, teeth, joints, and neurovascular elements. While the musculoskeletal structures of the head and neck are known to have a different embryonic origin, morphology, biomechanical demands, and biochemical characteristics than the trunk and limbs, their particular molecular basis and cell biology have been much less explored. In the last decade, the concept of muscle-bone crosstalk has emerged, comprising both the loads generated during muscle contraction and a biochemical component through soluble molecules. Bone cells embedded in the mineralized tissue respond to the biomechanical input by releasing molecular factors that impact the homeostasis of the attaching skeletal muscle. In the same way, muscle-derived factors act as soluble signals that modulate the remodeling process of the underlying bones. This concept of muscle-bone crosstalk at a molecular level is particularly interesting in the mandible, due to its tight anatomical relationship with one of the biggest and strongest masticatory muscles, the masseter. However, despite the close physical and physiological interaction of both tissues for proper functioning, this topic has been poorly addressed. Here we present one of the most detailed reviews of the literature to date regarding the biomechanical and biochemical interaction between muscles and bones of the masticatory system, both during development and in physiological or pathological remodeling processes. Evidence related to how masticatory function shapes the craniofacial bones is discussed, and a proposal presented that the masticatory muscles and craniofacial bones serve as secretory tissues. We furthermore discuss our current findings of myokines-release from masseter muscle in physiological conditions, during functional adaptation or pathology, and their putative role as bone-modulators in the craniofacial system. Finally, we address the physiological implications of the crosstalk between muscles and bones in the masticatory system, analyzing pathologies or clinical procedures in which the alteration of one of them affects the homeostasis of the other. Unveiling the mechanisms of muscle-bone crosstalk in the masticatory system opens broad possibilities for understanding and treating temporomandibular disorders, which severely impair the quality of life, with a high cost for diagnosis and management.

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“…Furthermore, when a pathogen invades, the immune system increases cytokine production, pattern recognition receptor (PRR) activation, and expression of various cell signaling pathways [31][32][33]. These reactions serve as the first defense mechanism in the body and it eliminates pathogens by activating the immune system [34]. PRR recognizes pathogen-associated molecular patterns and regulates the transcription of genes associated with the inflammatory response, including pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, anti-inflammatory cytokines, and transcription factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene expression profiling after ochratoxin A treatment in small intestinal epithelial cells from pigs

Yoon¹,

Lee²

2022

J Anim Sci Technol

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Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a well-known mycotoxin that causes disease through the ingestion of contaminated food or feed, for example, in the porcine industry. The intestinal epithelium acts as the first barrier against food contamination. We conducted a study on the exposure of the porcine intestinal epithelium to OTA. We used the intestinal porcine epithelial cell line IPEC-J2 as an in vitro model to evaluate the altered molecular mechanisms following OTA exposure. Gene expression profiling revealed that OTA upregulated 782 genes and downregulated 896, totalling 1678 differentially expressed genes. Furthermore, immunofluorescence, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and western blotting confirmed that OTA damages the tight junction protein ZO-1 . Moreover, OTA activated the expression of inflammatory genes ( IL-6 , IL-8 , IL-10 , NF-kB , TLR4 , and TNF-α ). In summary, this study confirmed that OTA alters various molecular mechanisms and has several adverse effects on IPEC-J2 cells.

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Cytokines, Masticatory Muscle Inflammation, and Pain: an Update

Cited by 14 publications

References 62 publications

Effect of Restraint Stress on Pain Sensitivity, Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus Neurons, and Astrocytes in the Masseter Area of Rats

Effect of Restraint Stress on Pain Sensitivity, Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus Neurons, and Astrocytes in the Masseter Area of Rats

Muscle-Bone Crosstalk in the Masticatory System: From Biomechanical to Molecular Interactions

Gene expression profiling after ochratoxin A treatment in small intestinal epithelial cells from pigs

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