Cyclone Bomb Hits Southern Brazil in 2020

Abstract

An “explosive extratropical cyclone” is an atmospheric phenomenon that occurs when there is a very rapid drop in central atmospheric pressure. This phenomenon, with its characteristic of rapidly lowering the pressure in its interior, generates very intense winds and for this reason it is called explosive cyclone, bomb cyclone. With gusts recorded of 116 km/h, atmospheric phenomenon – “cyclone bomb” (CB) hit southern Brazil on June 30, the beginning of winter 2020, causing destruction in its influence over. One of the cities most affected was Chapecó, west of the state of Santa Catarina. The satellite images show that the CB generated a low pressure (976 mbar) inside it, generating two atmospheric currents that moved at high speed. In a northwest-southeast direction, Bolivia and Paraguay, crossing the states of Parana and Santa Catarina, and this draft that hit the south of Brazil, which caused the destruction of the affected states. Another moving to Argentina, southwest-northeast direction, due to high area of high pressure (1022 mbar). Both enhanced the phenomenon.

Hydrodynamic and Wave Responses During Storm Surges on the Southern Brazilian Coast: A Real-Time Forecast System

“…The cyclone in question emerged as an extratropical system with low atmospheric pressure from the Atlantic Ocean. This type of system is known as a "bomb" cyclone, characterized by a sharp drop in atmospheric pressure over a period of 24 h [63]. The bomb cyclone occurred on 30 June 2020, bringing winds of over 33.3 m per second (120 kph), which prompted coastal flood warnings in Santa Catarina as a result of major storm surges [63].…”

“…This type of system is known as a "bomb" cyclone, characterized by a sharp drop in atmospheric pressure over a period of 24 h [63]. The bomb cyclone occurred on 30 June 2020, bringing winds of over 33.3 m per second (120 kph), which prompted coastal flood warnings in Santa Catarina as a result of major storm surges [63]. Extensive rainfall measuring 140 mm in 24 h increased the water levels above flood levels in some areas of Rio Grande do Sul.…”

“…Extensive rainfall measuring 140 mm in 24 h increased the water levels above flood levels in some areas of Rio Grande do Sul. In total, more than 10 people died and 686,000 thousand people were left without electricity or basic supplies [63]. The iFLOOD-Brazil forecast system was operational during this bomb cyclone and predicted the water level and waves at a number of recording stations.…”

Vortex Cotes’s Spiral inone in the Southern Coast of Brazil An Extratropical Cycl

“…With winds of 100 km/h "explosive extratropical cy-clone" left a trail of destruction in Santa Catarina, Paraná and Rio Grande do Sul, Southern Brazil on Tuesday, June 30, 2020. The phenomenon known as the "cyclone bomb" caused heavy rains, where gusts of wind destroyed houses, caused tree falls, debris and the destruction of the energy network, [9] main Chapecó located 27°06'17"S 52°36'51"W, Santa Catarina, Southern Brazil [10], was the most affected by cyclone.…”

“…The winds are driven by this low-pressure core and by the rotation of the Earth, which deflects the path of the wind through a phenomenon known as the Coriolis force. As a result, tropical cyclones rotate in a counterclockwise (or cyclonic) direction in the Northern Hemisphere and in a clockwise (or anticyclonic) direction in the Southern Hemisphere [9,[11][12][13][14][15]. The occurrence of cyclones is relatively common for the region at this time of year, but the recent phe-nomenon has been exacerbated by other meteorological and atmospheric factors.…”