CVD diamond detectors for ionizing radiation

Friedl, M.; Adam, W.; Bauer, C.; Berdermann, E.; Bergonzo, P.; Bogani, F.; Borchi, E.; Brambilla, A.; Bruzzi, M.; Colledani, C.; Conway, J.; Dąbrowski, W.; Delpierre, P.; Deneuville, A.; Dulinski, W.; Eijk, B. Van; Fallou, A.; Fizzotti, F.; Foulon, F.; Gan, K. K.; Gheeraert, Etienne; Grigoriev, E.; Hallewell, G. D.; Hall-Wilton, R.; Han, S.; Hartjes, F.; Hrubec, J.; Husson, D.; Kagan, H.; Kania, D. R.; Kapłon, J.; Karl, C.; Kass, R.; Knöpfle, K. T.; Krammer, M.; Logiudice, A.; Lü, Renguo; Manfredi, P. F.; Manfredotti, C.; Marshall, R. D.; Meier, Dirk; Mishina, M.; Oh, A.; Pan, Lei; Palmieri, V.G.; Pernegger, H.; Pernicka, M.; Peitz, A.; Pirollo, S.; Polesello, P.; Pretzl, K.; Re, V.; Riester, J.L.; Roe, S.; Roff, D. G.; Rudge, A.; Schnetzer, S.; Sciortino, S.; Speziali, V.; Stelzer, H.; Stone, R.; Tapper, R. J.; Tesarek, R. J.; Thomson, G. B.; Trawick, Matthew L.; Trischuk, W.; Vittone, E.; Walsh, A. M.; Wedenig, R.; Weilhammer, P.; Ziock, H.; Zoeller, M.

doi:10.1016/s0168-9002(99)00586-0

Cited by 29 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Also, due to the highly packed lattice of diamond, it is less susceptible to the creation of lattice defects. the mean charge per MIP reduced by ∼29% from 4800 electrons to 3410 electrons [16].…”

Section: Radiation Hardnessmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The two properties that come to rescue the smaller signal are high resistivity and high dielectric constant. The significantly higher resistivity of diamond results in a leakage current less than 1 nA/cm 2 at an electric field of 1 V /µm [16], while the dielectric constant of diamond being double of silicon results in the load capacitance being reduced by half.…”

Section: Electrical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The response of diamond to ionizing beam is fairly well understood [16] and its electrical properties have been studied in depth [46]. Table 3.1 summarizes the comparison of silicon with diamond as a detector material.…”

Section: Electrical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determination of electron beam polarization using electron detector in Compton polarimeter with less than 1% statistical and systematic uncertainty

Narayan¹

2015

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Title of Study: Determination of electron beam polarization using electron detector inCompton polarimeter with less than 1% statistical and systematic uncertainty Pages of Study: 250Candidate for Degree of Doctor of PhilosophyThe Q-weak experiment aims to measure the weak charge of proton with a precision of 4.2%. The proposed precision on weak charge required a 2.5% measurement of the parity violating asymmetry in elastic electron -proton scattering. Polarimetry was the largest experimental contribution to this uncertainty and a new Compton polarimeter was installed in Hall C at Jefferson Lab to make the goal achievable.In this polarimeter the electron beam collides with green laser light in a low gain FabryPerot Cavity; the scattered electrons are detected in 4 planes of a novel diamond micro strip detector while the back scattered photons are detected in lead tungstate crystals. This diamond micro-strip detector is the first such device to be used as a tracking detector in a nuclear and particle physics experiment. The diamond detectors are read out using custom built electronic modules that include a preamplifier, a pulse shaping amplifier and a discriminator for each detector micro-strip. We use field programmable gate array based general purpose logic modules for event selection and histogramming. Extensive Monte Carlo simulations and data acquisition simulations were performed to estimate the systematic uncertainties. Additionally, the Moller and Compton polarimeters were cross calibrated at low electron beam currents using a series of interleaved measurements. In this dissertation, we describe all the subsystems of the Compton polarimeter with emphasis on the electron detector. We focus on the FPGA based data acquisition system built by the author and the data analysis methods implemented by the author. The simulations of the data acquisition and the polarimeter that helped rigorously establish the systematic uncertainties of the polarimeter are also elaborated, resulting in the first sub 1% measurement of low energy (∼1 GeV) electron beam polarization with a Compton electron detector. We have demonstrated that diamond based micro-strip detectors can be used for tracking in a high radiation environment and it has enabled us to achieve the desired precision in the measurement of the electron beam polarization which in turn has allowed the most precise determination of the weak charge of the proton.

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Section: Radiation Hardnessmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Electrical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determination of electron beam polarization using electron detector in Compton polarimeter with less than 1% statistical and systematic uncertainty

Narayan¹

2015

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“…The synthesis of diamond films was conducted in a self-made HFCVD reactor (Figure 2b). The atmosphere consisted of H 2 :CH 4 (100:6; purity of gases: H 2 , 99.9999%; CH 4 , 99.99%) with a total gas flow rate of 106 mL/min. The distance between hot tungsten filaments (Ø0.2 mm × 10 cm) and substrates was 10 ± 0.5 mm.…”

Section: Deposition Of Diamond Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These materials have become increasingly popular because of their wide range of unique characteristics [1][2][3]. Despite these advantages, there are many technological problems that complicate the widespread use of diamond coatings and impose a restriction on their use in technological processes (such as obtaining the necessary topology and dimensions for manufacture of the matrix radiation detectors and diamond RF (radio-frequency) electronics) [4,5]. Because of the synthesis-specific and high complexity of processing single-crystal diamond (such as a strong chemical and wear resistance), the creation of electronic structures with complex geometry using diamond is complex and not suitable for mass production or industrial processes [1,2,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deposition and Patterning of Polycrystalline Diamond Films Using Traditional Photolithography and Reactive Ion Etching

2017

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Abstract:Given the exceptional characteristics of diamond films, they have become increasingly popular in the fields of medicine, microelectronics, and detector electronics. However, despite all the advantages, there are many technological problems that complicate their widespread application and impose limitations on diamond use in technological processes. In this study, we proposed a new technique for obtaining a complex topology of polycrystalline diamond coatings by selective seeding of the substrate by nucleation centers and subsequent surface treatment with reactive ion etching to reduce the number of parasitic particles. As a result, diamond films were obtained with a high particle concentration in the film region and high repeatability of the pattern. Moreover, parasitic particles influenced neutralization in areas where film coverage was not needed. The effect of the diamond nanoparticle concentration in a photoresist and the effect of reactive ion etching on the formation of a continuous film and the removal of parasitic nucleation centers were examined. The relative simplicity, low power consumption, and high efficiency of this method make it attractive for both industrial and scientific applications.

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Next‐generation solid‐state detectors for charged particle spectroscopy

et al. 2016

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The performance of silicon avalanche photodiodes (APDs) and single crystal chemical vapor deposit diamond detectors (DDs) is reviewed in comparison with conventional silicon‐based solid‐state detectors (SSDs) from the perspective of space plasma applications. Although the low‐energy threshold and the energy resolution are equivalent to SSDs, DDs offer a high radiation tolerance and very low leakage currents due to a wider band gap than silicon. In addition, DDs can operate at higher temperatures, are insensitive to light (>226 nm), and are capable of timing analysis due to the higher intrinsic carrier mobility. APDs also offer several advantageous features. Specifically, APDs have a lower energy threshold (<0.9 keV) and a higher energy resolution (<0.7 keV full width at half maximum at room temperature), along with a linear response due to a strong electric field causing signal amplifications within the detector. Therefore, APDs can be used to detect lower energy particles, covering a larger portion of the energy spectrum than conventional SSDs. Further, the strong internal electric field gives them a subnanosecond response time by the charge mobility saturation, allowing them to make precise timing measurements of ions. These novel detector techniques can be potentially applied to improve the measurements of suprathermal particles, whose energies lie between typical ranges of conventional sensors for low‐energy plasmas and energetic particles. Although the origin and evolution of the suprathermal particles are the key to understanding the acceleration and heating processes in space plasma, they are not well understood due to the technical difficulties of making the measurement.

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CVD diamond detectors for ionizing radiation

Cited by 29 publications

References 7 publications

Determination of electron beam polarization using electron detector in Compton polarimeter with less than 1% statistical and systematic uncertainty

Determination of electron beam polarization using electron detector in Compton polarimeter with less than 1% statistical and systematic uncertainty

Deposition and Patterning of Polycrystalline Diamond Films Using Traditional Photolithography and Reactive Ion Etching

Next‐generation solid‐state detectors for charged particle spectroscopy

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