Cutaneous leishmaniasis by Leishmania infantum: behind granulomatous lesions of unknown aetiology

Abstract

Background Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is underestimated in Spain as in other European countries due to the poly-

Comparison of PCR‐based methods for the diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis in two different epidemiological scenarios: Spain and Morocco

“…19 FFPE biopsies are routinely used in dermatology and proven to be reliable in PCR diagnosis. 12 ITS-1-PCR did not show enough sensitivity with FFPE samples, as reported elsewhere 7,20 probably due to DNA damage, whereas PCR-ELISA displayed high sensitivity with FFPE. The longer the PCR amplified fragment (350 bp in the ITS-1 and 75 bp in the PCR-ELISA), 7,11 the greater the inhibition caused by DNA damage.…”

“…Therefore, a fluid aspiration/scraping of the lesion might not be sufficient for the microscopic detection of L. infantum infection but it should for PCR diagnosis . FFPE biopsies are routinely used in dermatology and proven to be reliable in PCR diagnosis . ITS‐1‐PCR did not show enough sensitivity with FFPE samples, as reported elsewhere probably due to DNA damage, whereas PCR‐ELISA displayed high sensitivity with FFPE.…”

“…DNA extraction from samples and Leishmania spp. reference strains was performed as previously described . Four PCR assays were evaluated as follows: Lmj4/Uni21‐PCR, JW13/JW14 real‐time PCR and PCR‐ELISA for minicircle kDNA target and nested‐PCR‐RFLP for Internal Transcribed Spacer 1 (ITS‐1) rDNA; for the latter, two restriction enzymes have been tested .…”

“…reference strains was performed as previously described. 12 Four PCR assays were evaluated as follows: Lmj4/Uni21-PCR, 13 JW13/ JW14 real-time PCR 10 and PCR-ELISA 11 for minicircle kDNA target and nested-PCR-RFLP for Internal Transcribed Spacer 1 (ITS-1) rDNA; for the latter, two restriction enzymes have been tested. 7,14 Nine patients with other confirmed diseases that were used as negative controls resulted negative with all PCR assays.…”

Applying Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) in the Diagnosis of Malaria, Leishmaniasis and Trypanosomiasis as Point-of-Care Tests (POCTs)

“…This diversity along with atypical lesions such as papules, verrucose vegetative lesions and skin infiltrations is related to the wide genetic variety in Leishmania species [79]. The diversity in terms of clinical forms leads to inappropriate diagnose and can easily be confused with other pathologies such as granulomatous dermatosis, fungal infections and even cancer and hence, a delay in the instauration of the correct treatment and late complications of disease [80].…”