Current status of ischemic stroke treatment: From thrombolysis to potential regenerative medicine

Hurd, Mason Daniel; Goel, Isha; Sakai, Yasuyuki; Teramura, Yuji

doi:10.1016/j.reth.2021.09.009

Cited by 24 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 102 publications

(197 reference statements)

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“…Each pixel value in the figure represents the radius of the blood vessel, and the number of skeleton pixels represents the length of the blood vessel. The third row shows the OAC image obtained by using Equation (1). OAC value reflects the tissue water content.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stroke, characterized by high morbidity, mortality and recurrence rate, is a clinically common disease and seriously threatens human health. Ischemic stroke (IS) accounts for approximately 80% of all strokes [1,2]. In the acute period of IS, patients tend to suffer a variety of complications, such as pulmonary infections, stress ulcers, deep venous thrombosis or cerebral edema [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Mannitol Intervention Effects on Ischemic Cerebral Edema in Mice Using Swept Source Optical Coherence Tomography

Meng

Tian

et al. 2022

Photonics

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Cerebral edema is a serious complication of ischemic cerebrovascular disease and mannitol is a commonly used dehydrating agent for relieving cerebral edema. However, the edema state and surrounding vascular perfusion level during mannitol treatment remains unclear, which affects the clinical application of the medicine. In this paper, we demonstrated the role of swept-source optical coherence tomography (OCT) in the evaluation of mannitol efficacy using mouse models. The OCT-based angiography and attenuation imaging technology were used to obtain the cerebral vascular perfusion level and cerebral edema state at different times. Vascular parameters and edema parameters were quantified and compared. Experimental results show that mannitol can significantly reduce the water content in the central region of edema, effectively inhibiting the rapid growth of the edema area, and restoring cerebral blood flow. On average, the edema area decreased by 33% after 2 h, and the vascular perfusion density increased by 12% after 5 h. This work helps to provide a valuable theoretical basis and research ideas for the clinical treatment of cerebral edema.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Mannitol Intervention Effects on Ischemic Cerebral Edema in Mice Using Swept Source Optical Coherence Tomography

Meng

Tian

et al. 2022

Photonics

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“…Recently, stem cell therapy has demonstrated potential as a treatment option for neurological diseases such as Parkinson’s, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Huntington’s disease ( Chen et al, 2014 , 2020 ; Minnerup et al, 2016 ; Tang et al, 2022 ). In addition to replace lost cells during ischemia–reperfusion (the replacement mechanism) ( Hurd et al, 2021 ), stem cells also secrete various cytokines and growth factors to induce diverse beneficial effects, such as anti-inflammatory nerve cell protection and induction of the endogenic recovery system ( Yoo et al, 2013 ), which can provide a good environment for recovery (paracrine mechanism), which is taking the lead ( Salikhova et al, 2021 ). Exosomes are extracellular vesicles that are released by cells after the fusion of polycystic body and plasma membrane ( Mahjoubin-Tehran et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomes Derived From Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Novel Effects in the Treatment of Ischemic Stroke

et al. 2022

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Ischemic stroke is defined as an infarction in the brain, caused by impaired cerebral blood supply, leading to local brain tissue ischemia, hypoxic necrosis, and corresponding neurological deficits. At present, revascularization strategies in patients with acute ischemic stroke include intravenous thrombolysis and mechanical endovascular treatment. However, due to the short treatment time window (<4.5 h) and method restrictions, clinical research is focused on new methods to treat ischemic stroke. Exosomes are nano-sized biovesicles produced in the endosomal compartment of most eukaryotic cells, containing DNA, complex RNA, and protein (30–150 nm). They are released into surrounding extracellular fluid upon fusion between multivesicular bodies and the plasma membrane. Exosomes have the characteristics of low immunogenicity, good innate stability, high transmission efficiency, and the ability to cross the blood–brain barrier, making them potential therapeutic modalities for the treatment of ischemic stroke. The seed sequence of miRNA secreted by exosomes is base-paired with complementary mRNA to improve the microenvironment of ischemic tissue, thereby regulating downstream signal transduction activities. With exosome research still in the theoretical and experimental stages, this review aims to shed light on the potential of exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of ischemic stroke.

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“…Stroke is a main cause of morbidity, disability, and death worldwide [ 1 – 3 ]. Due to the aging of the population, the incidence and prevalence of stroke are expected to rise significantly [ 1 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between Sleep Duration and Sleep Disorder Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and Stroke Among Adults in the United States

Wang¹,

Ren²

2022

Med Sci Monit

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Background We aimed to explore the association between sleep duration and sleep disorder variables obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and stroke. Material/Methods This cross-sectional study enrolled 10 442 participants from the United States. The outcome variable was stroke diagnosed by a doctor. Sleep disorder variables were assessed via self-report questionnaires and included sleep duration, the time required to fall asleep, frequency of sleep deprivation, frequency of early morning wakefulness, and frequency of middle of the night wakefulness. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by multivariate logistic regression models. Results Compared with participants with 6 to 7 h of sleep duration, participants with less than 6 h of sleep duration had an increased risk of stroke of 0.97 times (OR=1.97, 95% CI: 1.19–3.29). Participants with a sleep disorder had 0.71 times (OR=1.71, 95% CI: 1.04–2.82) the risk of stroke than those without a sleep disorder. Stroke was significantly associated with sleep deprivation 16 to 30 times a month (OR=1.99, 95% CI: 1.14–3.46), early morning wakefulness 16 to 30 times a month (OR=1.97, 95% CI: 1.20–3.25), and middle of the night wakefulness 16 to 30 times a month (OR=1.81, 95% CI: 1.05–3.09), compared with no sleep deprivation, early-morning wakefulness, or middle of the night wakefulness. Conclusions Short sleep duration and sleep disorder were associated with an increased risk of stroke, suggesting healthy sleep behaviors may reduce the risk of stroke. However, further studies are needed to confirm the causality and underlying mechanism.

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Current status of ischemic stroke treatment: From thrombolysis to potential regenerative medicine

Cited by 24 publications

References 102 publications

Evaluation of Mannitol Intervention Effects on Ischemic Cerebral Edema in Mice Using Swept Source Optical Coherence Tomography

Evaluation of Mannitol Intervention Effects on Ischemic Cerebral Edema in Mice Using Swept Source Optical Coherence Tomography

Exosomes Derived From Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Novel Effects in the Treatment of Ischemic Stroke

Association Between Sleep Duration and Sleep Disorder Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and Stroke Among Adults in the United States

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