Current status of human papillomavirus vaccination in India's cervical cancer prevention efforts

Sankaranarayanan, Rengaswamy; Basu, Partha; Kaur, Prabhdeep; Bhaskar, Rajesh; Singh, Gurdeep; Denzongpa, Phumzay; Grover, Rajesh K.; Stolzmann, Paul; Saikia, Tapan; Oswal, Kunal; Kanodia, Rishav; Dsouza, Amantia; Mehrotra, Ravi; Rath, Goura Kishor; Jaggi, Vinita Kumar; Kashyap, S. S.; Kataria, Ishu; Hariprasad, Roopa; Sasieni, Peter; Bhatla, Neerja; Rajaraman, Preetha; Trimble, Edward L.; Swaminathan, Soumya; Purushotham, Arnie

doi:10.1016/s1470-2045(19)30531-5

Cited by 100 publications

(131 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…into two types: high-risk and low-risk types, among which the high-risk type can cause epithelial precancerous lesions and cancer (9). HPV16,18,31,33,35,39,45,51,52,56,58,59, and 68 constitute 13 types of high-risk HPV. HPV 16 and HPV 18 have the highest carcinogenicity (5).…”

Section: Namementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research shows that the two-dose of 2vHPV and 4vHPV vaccine injections are not inferior to the three-dose regimen for adolescents (58). A study was initiated in India to research whether less than three doses of vaccine in 6 month could be non-inferior to three doses for girls aged 10-18 years (59).The study shows that the immunogenicity after two doses of HPV vaccination was as effective as three doses. Therefore, two doses are non-inferior to three doses in preventing HPV related diseases in girls aged 15-18 years (59).…”

Section: Immunization Procedures Of Hpv Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A study was initiated in India to research whether less than three doses of vaccine in 6 month could be non-inferior to three doses for girls aged 10-18 years (59).The study shows that the immunogenicity after two doses of HPV vaccination was as effective as three doses. Therefore, two doses are non-inferior to three doses in preventing HPV related diseases in girls aged 15-18 years (59). WHO has proposed two doses of the 2vHPV and 4vHPV vaccines for people under the age of 15 and three for women over the age of 15.…”

Section: Immunization Procedures Of Hpv Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Progress in Vaccination of Prophylactic Human Papillomavirus Vaccine

et al. 2020

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The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine plays an important role in preventing a series of diseases caused by HPV. Recent studies have shown that as a primary prevention measure, it can considerably prevent HPV infection and HPV-associated cervical cancer. However, studies on the safety, efficacy, and coverage of the HPV vaccine remain insufficient, especially in developing countries. Therefore, in this review, we outlined the recent studies of the HPV vaccine in terms of immunogenicity, safety, efficacy, latest vaccination concepts, and strategies. This review may provide a theoretical basis for use of the HPV vaccine.

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Section: Namementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Immunization Procedures Of Hpv Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Immunization Procedures Of Hpv Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Progress in Vaccination of Prophylactic Human Papillomavirus Vaccine

et al. 2020

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“…Preliminary experience in Indian states of Punjab and Sikkim is very encouraging with $35 000 girls (>95%) vaccinated successfully in the first round without any complication. 47 This success was due to strong political commitment by the state governments and support from state technical advisory groups. Awareness initiatives for girls, parents, teachers and officials; adequate resource availability; media support, positive attitude of the community and dedicated immunization staff played an important role.…”

Section: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human papillomavirus vaccination: Good clinical practice recommendations from the Federation of Obstetric and Gynecological Societies of India

Bhatla

Meena

Gupta

et al. 2020

J of Obstet and Gynaecol

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Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination offers an excellent prospect for the primary prevention of cervical cancer. The bivalent and quadrivalent vaccines are both available in India. The nonavalent vaccine is licensed but not yet available. However, there still remain controversies regarding the vaccination of older women, immunocompromised females and other special groups. To provide recommendations for HPV vaccination in India. The Federation of Obstetric and Gynecological Societies of India (FOGSI) convened an expert group on cervical cancer prevention to formulate good clinical practice recommendations (GCPR) with respect to vaccine efficacy and safety, target groups, optimal timing and dosing schedules. HPV vaccines are licensed for females aged 9–45 years in India and have been seen to be safe and effective. FOGSI recommends HPV vaccination of all girls <15 years of age as the best target group, in whom two‐doses at an interval of 6 months, extendable to 18 months, are recommended. Three‐doses are recommended in girls >15 years of age, immunocompromised persons and sexual assault survivors. Older women and women with abnormal screening results may be vaccinated with an understanding that vaccination does not protect against already acquired infections and screening has to continue. Single‐dose vaccination results are promising. Increased awareness is required to reduce vaccine hesitancy. HPV vaccination should be the priority to achieve the elimination of cervical cancer. The introduction of affordable HPV vaccines and reduced dose schedules will improve coverage.

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“…Through July 2020, despite advice by the National Technical Advisory Group on Immunization, the Federation of Obstetric & Gynecological Societies of India, and the Indian Academy of Pediatrics for its inclusion in the Universal Immunization Program, substantial community resistance remains. As a result, the vaccine has been sporadically rolled out in three (Sikkim, Punjab and Delhi) out of 36 states and Union Territories [25,26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A qualitative analysis of vaccine decisionmakers’ conceptualization and fostering of ‘community engagement’ in India

Dutta

Meyerson

Agley

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Globally, and in India, research has highlighted the importance of community engagement in achieving national vaccination goals. However, community engagement is not well-defined and remains an underutilized approach to realizing health equity in this context. There is also paucity of literature on community engagement’s effectiveness in achieving vaccination outcomes. To address that gap, this study interviewed Indian vaccination decisionmakers to derive a shared understanding of the evolving conceptualization of community engagement, and how it has been fostered during India’s Decade of Vaccines (2010-2020).Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 25 purposefully sampled national-level vaccine decisionmakers in India, including policymakers, immunization program heads, and vaccine technical committee leads. Participants were identified by their ‘elite’ status among decisionmakers in the Indian vaccination space. Using Schutz’ Social Phenomenological theory, an a priori framework derived from the Social Ecological Model was used to guide coders’ conceptualizations of communities, community engagement, and related themes. Inter-rater reliability was computed for a subsample of coded interviews, and findings were validated in a one-day member check-in meeting with study participants and teams. Results: The interviews successfully elucidated participants’ understanding of key terminology (“community”) and approaches to community engagement propagated by the vaccine decisionmakers. Participants conceptualized ‘communities’ as vaccine-eligible children, their parents, frontline healthcare workers, and vaccination influencers. Engagement with those communities was understood to mean vaccine outreach, capacity-building of healthcare workers, and information dissemination. However, participants indicated that there were neither explicit policy guidelines defining community engagement nor pertinent evaluation metrics, despite awareness that community engagement is complex and under-researched. Examples of different approaches to community engagement ranged from vaccine imposition to empowered community vaccination decision-making. Finally, participants proposed an operational definition of community engagement and discussed concerns related to implementing it.Conclusions: Although decisionmakers had different perceptions about what constitutes a community, and how community engagement should optimally function, the combined group articulated its importance and reiterated the need for concerted political will to build trust with communities. At the same time, work remains to be done both in terms of research on community engagement as well as development of appropriate implementation and outcome metrics.

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Current status of human papillomavirus vaccination in India's cervical cancer prevention efforts

Cited by 100 publications

References 31 publications

Progress in Vaccination of Prophylactic Human Papillomavirus Vaccine

Progress in Vaccination of Prophylactic Human Papillomavirus Vaccine

Human papillomavirus vaccination: Good clinical practice recommendations from the Federation of Obstetric and Gynecological Societies of India

A qualitative analysis of vaccine decisionmakers’ conceptualization and fostering of ‘community engagement’ in India

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