Pharmacies with larger capacity took advantage of the naloxone standing order. Predictors of pharmacist naloxone dispensing should continue to be explored to maximize naloxone access.
Background
Intimate partner violence (IPV) research has primarily focused on heterosexual
couples, but has largely ignored IPV among men who have sex with men (MSM). We examined
IPV prevalence among MSM and men who have sex with men and women (MSMW) in China.
Methods
MSM over the age of 16 were recruited through three MSM-focused websites in
China. An online survey containing items on sociodemographics, risk behaviors, IPV, and
self-reported HIV or STI diagnosis was completed. Multivariate regression was used to
examine associations between IPV and risk behaviors and an HIV or STI diagnosis.
Results
Among 610 participants, 182 (29.8%) reported experiencing at least one
type of IPV. MSMW were at significantly greater risk for IPV (adjusted odds ratio (AOR)
1.65, 95% CI [1.08–2.53]) compared to MSM. Men who had experienced IPV
were more likely to have participated in group sex (AOR 1.86, 95% CI
[1.08–3.21]), to have had sex in exchange for gifts or money (AOR 5.06,
95% CI [2.47–10.35]), and to report a positive HIV diagnosis (AOR 2.59,
95% CI [1.22–5.51]).
Conclusions
There is a hidden epidemic of IPV among MSM in China, especially among MSMW.
The hidden nature of MSM and MSMW suggests the need for a clinical environment more
conducive to disclosure. Research is needed to understand the pathways linking IPV and
HIV risk among MSM in order to optimize the design of effective interventions.
On behalf of the American Sexually Transmitted Diseases Association, we discuss benefits and challenges of direct-to-consumer test services for sexually transmitted infections and offer recommendations for future directions.
The evolution of pharmacy practice in the last 15 years has created expanded public health access. Community pharmacies now provide a range of public health services with promising improvements in health access and outcomes. The observed practice changes call our attention to systemic issues that remain in need of collective attention. As we strengthen our intersectoral public health system, we must focus on the pharmacy-public health partnership and establish collaborative policy and research agendas to guide this system change for maximum public health impact. Our collective effort to assure the health of communities depends upon our seeing opportunities across systems and sectors, and upon our success in shifting the policy environment to allow health system flexibility.
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