HIV-Associated Histories, Perceptions, and Practices Among Low-Income African American Women: Does Rural Residence Matter?

Crosby, Richard A.; Yarber, William L.; DiClemente, Ralph J.; Wingood, Gina M.; Meyerson, Beth E.

doi:10.2105/ajph.92.4.655

Cited by 36 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…13,24,[37][38][39] Even if counseling and testing sites are close to a rural resident's home, rural residents may prefer to be tested in a different community to ensure anonymity, which can result in delayed testing. Rural providers have suggested that integrating HIV testing into other health services; rapid oral testing and community health education; outreach; and making HIV testing more convenient, accessible, and free are potential ways to decrease barriers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late HIV Diagnosis: Differences by Rural/Urban Residence, Florida, 2007–2011

Trepka

Fennie

Sheehan

et al. 2014

AIDS Patient Care and STDs

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The purpose of this retrospective cohort study was to identify individual-level demographic and communitylevel socioeconomic and health care resource factors associated with late diagnosis of HIV in rural and urban areas of Florida. Multilevel modeling was conducted with linked 2007-2011 Florida HIV surveillance, American Community Survey, Area Health Resource File, and state counseling and testing data. Late diagnosis (defined as AIDS diagnosis within 3 months of HIV diagnosis) was more common in rural than urban areas (35.8% vs. 27.4%) ( p < 0.0001). This difference persisted after controlling for age, sex, race/ethnicity, HIV transmission mode, country of birth, and diagnosis year (adjusted OR 1.39; 95% CI 1.17-1.66). In rural areas, older age and male sex were associated with late HIV diagnosis; zip code-level socioeconomic and county level health care resource variables were not associated with late diagnosis in rural areas. In urban areas only, Hispanic and non-Hispanic black race/ethnicity, foreign birth, and heterosexual mode of transmission were additionally associated with late HIV diagnosis. These findings suggest that, in rural areas, enhanced efforts are needed to target older individuals and men in screening programs and that studies of psychosocial and structural barriers to HIV testing in rural and urban areas be pursued.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late HIV Diagnosis: Differences by Rural/Urban Residence, Florida, 2007–2011

Trepka

Fennie

Sheehan

et al. 2014

AIDS Patient Care and STDs

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“…26 Our findings regarding the importance of living on a reserve contrast with the results of a US study that found status of having lived on a reserve did not predict sexual behavior. 13 There are at least 2 plausible reasons for our observed association-reserves tend to be located in more rural areas 46 and those living on a reserve have lower incomes 19 -both of which are independently associated with sexual .280…”

Section: Findings From Other Studiesmentioning

confidence: 91%

Factors Associated With the Sexual Behavior of Canadian Aboriginal Young People and Their Implications for Health Promotion

et al. 2009

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Objectives. We examined factors associated with having ever had sex, having more than 1 lifetime sexual partner, and condom nonuse at last incident of sexual intercourse among Canadian Aboriginal young people. Methods. We conducted a secondary analysis of data from the 2003 British Columbia Adolescent Health Survey, a cross-sectional survey of young people in grades 7 through 12. Results. Of 1140 young Aboriginal men, 34% had ever had sex; of these, 63% had had more than 1 sexual partner, and 21% had not used a condom at their last incident of sexual intercourse. Of 1336 young Aboriginal women, 35% had ever had sex; of these, 56% had had more than 1 sexual partner, and 41% had not used a condom at their last incident of sexual intercourse. Frequent substance use, having been sexually abused, and having lived on a land reservation were strongly associated with sexual behavior outcomes. Feeling connected to family was strongly associated with increased condom use. Conclusions. Sexual behavior change interventions for Aboriginal young people must move beyond the individual and incorporate interpersonal and structural dimensions. Interventions to reduce substance use and sexual abuse and promote feelings of family connectedness in this population should be explored. Young people living on land reserves need special attention.

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“…Interestingly, drug use has been reported to be a precursor to engaging in high-risk sexual behavior (Alexander et al, 1989;Shrier & Crosby, 2003). Not using condoms and adolescent females having an older partner have also been predictors of HIV transmission (Crosby, Yarber, DiClemente, Wingood, & Meyerson, 2002;Milhausen et al, 2003). To combat increases in HIV infection, similar resiliency strategies as those for drug use have been suggested (DiClemente et al, 2001), as well as fostering closer parent-child relationships and communication (DiClemente et al, 2001) and increasing one's religiosity (Hardy & Raffaelli, 2003;McCree et al, 2003;Miller & Gur, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceptions of Risk and Resiliency Factors Associated With Rural African American Adolescents’ Substance Abuse and HIV Behaviors

Brown

Waite

2005

J Am Psychiatr Nurses Assoc

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OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to select and refine an integrated substance abuse and HIV prevention intervention model for rural African American adolescents based on input from teens, parents, pastors, and school officials. DESIGN: The study design was qualitative descriptive. Twenty-one adolescents and 17 adults participated in four focus groups. The adolescent groups consisted of 11 adolescents, ages 13 to 15 years, and 10 adolescents, ages 16 to 18 years. The two adult groups consisted of 7 and 8 participants, respectively. RESULTS: Adolescent and adult respondents discussed numerous risk and resiliency factors associated with adolescents' potential drug use and sexual behavior. Overall, all groups identified more HIV-related factors than drug-use factors, whether risk or resiliency. Both adolescents and adults reported common factors, but the majority of factors were not held in common. Adolescents recommended a comprehensive prevention-intervention approach, which included condom use demonstration, whereas the adult approach lacked any reference to sex education. CONCLUSION: Adolescents and adults recognize the need to intervene early with rural African American teens to decrease their risk of engaging in sex and drug use. Although both acknowledge the existence of resiliency factors, the risk factors appear to outweigh the resiliency factors, especially at the community level.

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HIV-Associated Histories, Perceptions, and Practices Among Low-Income African American Women: Does Rural Residence Matter?

Abstract: This study provided initial evidence that low-income rural African American women are an important population for HIV prevention programs.

Cited by 36 publications

References 29 publications

Late HIV Diagnosis: Differences by Rural/Urban Residence, Florida, 2007–2011

Late HIV Diagnosis: Differences by Rural/Urban Residence, Florida, 2007–2011

Factors Associated With the Sexual Behavior of Canadian Aboriginal Young People and Their Implications for Health Promotion

Perceptions of Risk and Resiliency Factors Associated With Rural African American Adolescents’ Substance Abuse and HIV Behaviors

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