Factors Associated With the Sexual Behavior of Canadian Aboriginal Young People and Their Implications for Health Promotion

Devries, Karen; Free, Caroline; Morison, Linda; Saewyc, Elizabeth

doi:10.2105/ajph.2007.132597

Cited by 38 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…To ensure independence of data, we excluded older data [17,18]. Likewise, we included a study of the entire sample from the 2003 British Columbia Adolescent Health Survey [19], and excluded two articles [20,21] that analyzed a subsample of Aboriginal teens from the same survey. Consequently, nine articles were analyzed in the current study, with 10 independent data sources [4,15,16,19,[22][23][24][25][26].…”

Section: Selection Of Primary Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship Between Sexual Abuse and Risky Sexual Behavior Among Adolescent Boys: A Meta-Analysis

Homma

Wang

Saewyc

et al. 2012

Journal of Adolescent Health

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111

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Purpose-Childhood and adolescent sexual abuse has been shown to lead to increased odds of sexual behaviors that lead to sexually transmitted infections and early pregnancy involvement. Research, meta-analyses, and interventions, however, have focused primarily on girls and young women who have experienced abuse, yet some adolescent boys are also sexually abused. We performed a meta-analysis of the existing studies to assess the magnitudes of the link between a history of sexual abuse and each of three risky sexual behaviors among adolescent boys in North America.Methods-The three outcomes were a) unprotected sexual intercourse, b) multiple sexual partners, and c) pregnancy involvement. Weighted mean effect sizes were computed from 10 independent samples, from nine studies published between 1990 and 2011.Results-Sexually abused boys were significantly more likely than non-abused boys to report all three risky sexual behaviors. Weighted mean odds ratios were 1.91 for unprotected intercourse, 2.91 for multiple sexual partners, and 4.81 for pregnancy involvement.Conclusions-Our results indicate that childhood and adolescent sexual abuse can substantially Influence sexual behavior in adolescence among male survivors. To improve sexual health for all adolescents, even young men, we should strengthen sexual abuse prevention initiatives, raise awareness about male sexual abuse survivors' existence and sexual health issues, improve sexual health promotion for abused young men, and screen all people, regardless of gender, for a history of sexual abuse.

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Section: Selection Of Primary Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship Between Sexual Abuse and Risky Sexual Behavior Among Adolescent Boys: A Meta-Analysis

Homma

Wang

Saewyc

et al. 2012

Journal of Adolescent Health

Self Cite

111

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Behaviour change interventions need to move beyond the individual to address interpersonal, social, environmental, cultural and structural factors, which can be potent forces in prevention efforts (Devries et al 2009;Kaufman et al 2007a;Wilson & Miller 2003). Numerous studies have found that health and wellbeing are integrally connected to culture (Fagan & McDonell 2010;Kaufman et al 2007b;Leston, Jessen & Simons 2012;MooneySomers et al 2012;Ricci et al 2009;Rushing & Stephens 2012;Wilson & Miller 2003), and this is especially true for Indigenous communities where culture and language act as buffers/protective factors against negative effects of risk (McIvor et al 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

'Culture' as HIV prevention: Indigenous youth speak up!

et al. 2016

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This article explores the ways in which (a) Indigenous youth involved in an HIV intervention took up and reclaimed their cultures as a project of defining ‘self’, and (b) how Indigenous ‘culture’ can be used as a tool for resistance, HIV prevention and health promotion. Data were drawn from the Taking Action Project: Using arts-based approaches to develop Aboriginal youth leadership in HIV prevention. ‘By youth, for youth’ HIV education and awareness workshops were facilitated in six Indigenous communities across Canada, incorporating traditional and contemporary art forms to explore how youth perceived the links between structural inequality and HIV vulnerability. Over 100 youth participated, with 70 partaking in individual interviews to reflect on their experiences at the workshops. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using NVivo software. Indigenous youth understood culture as a complex construct that included reconnecting to land, body, history, community and ceremony. For many youth, being Aboriginal and participating in cultural activities was seen as important for intergenerational healing, empowerment, health and combatting HIV. Youth spoke excitedly of their attempts to reclaim their languages and cultures despite barriers. They also understood art as a medium for self-expression and as an important site of cultural evolution.Our project demonstrates that the incorporation of culture within health strategies is important for effective HIV prevention amongst Indigenous youth. Reclaiming Indigenous cultures, languages and ceremonies may help to nurture future generations, diminish cycles of victimisation and combat hopelessness by reconnecting youth to stories of resistance and survival.Keywords: Indigenous youth, culture, HIV prevention, arts-based research

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“…The unresolved pain that manifested through cycles of historical and intergenerational trauma has resulted in high rates of sexual abuse within indigenous communities (Milloy, 1999;Provincial Health Officer, 2009). A history of sexual abuse is a known marker of reduced self-determination (Beitchman et al, 1992;Briere & Elliot, 1994;Devries, Free, Morison, & Saewyc, 2009) and is linked to increased vulnerability to HIV infection, therefore rendering victims even further vulnerable to AIDS-related disparities (Braitstein et al, 2003;Cunningham, Stiffman, Dore, & Earls, 1994;Miller, 1999;Whetton et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Cedar Project: Understanding Barriers to Consistent Condom use over Time in a Cohort of Young Indigenous People who use Drugs

Chavoshi

Christian²,

Moniruzzaman

et al. 2013

International Journal of Sexual Health

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Little information exists on the use of condoms as protective barriers to sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among indigenous people in Canada. This study explores risk factors of inconsistent condom use (during consensual sex) over time among participants in the Cedar Project, a prospective cohort study of indigenous young people living in Vancouver and Prince George, British Columbia, who use drugs. Due to the serial measurements for each study subject, generalized estimating equations modeling with logit link was used to accommodate the temporal correlation within subjects. For young women, inconsistent condom use over time was predicted by having a recent STI (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.76, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.12, 2.79]), smoking crack daily (AOR = 1.63, 95%CI [1.02, 2.61]), and having experienced recent sexual abuse (AOR = 2.07, 95%CI [1.20, 3.56]). Among young men, living in Prince George (AOR = 1.63, 95%CI [1.14, 2.39]) and daily crack smoking (AOR = 1.56, 95%CI [1.02, 2.40]) were associated with inconsistent condom use over time. Among participants who used injection drugs, inconsistent condom use was associated with smoking crack daily (AOR = 1.59, 95%CI [1.04, 2.43]) and sharing needles (AOR = 1.78, 95%CI [1.26, 2.51]). The availability and effectiveness of sexual health services must be prioritized for indigenous people, and the design of culturally safe sexual health programs requires the meaningful involvement of young indigenous people.

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Factors Associated With the Sexual Behavior of Canadian Aboriginal Young People and Their Implications for Health Promotion

Cited by 38 publications

References 36 publications

The Relationship Between Sexual Abuse and Risky Sexual Behavior Among Adolescent Boys: A Meta-Analysis

The Relationship Between Sexual Abuse and Risky Sexual Behavior Among Adolescent Boys: A Meta-Analysis

'Culture' as HIV prevention: Indigenous youth speak up!

The Cedar Project: Understanding Barriers to Consistent Condom use over Time in a Cohort of Young Indigenous People who use Drugs

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