Progress in Vaccination of Prophylactic Human Papillomavirus Vaccine

Abstract

The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine plays an important role in preventing a series of diseases caused by HPV. Recent studies have shown that as a primary prevention measure, it can considerably prevent HPV infection and HPV-associated cervical cancer. However, studies on the safety, efficacy, and coverage of the HPV vaccine remain insufficient, especially in developing countries. Therefore, in this review, we outlined the recent studies of the HPV vaccine in terms of immunogenicity, safety, efficacy, latest vaccination concepts, and strategies. This review may provide a theoretical basis for use of the HPV vaccine.

Tinjauan Literatur : PATOGENESIS INFEKSI HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS SEBAGAI DASAR DALAM PENGEMBANGAN PENCEGAHAN DAN TERAPI BARU PADA KANKER PENIS

“…Human papillomavirus memiliki lebih dari 180 tipe yang dibagi menjadi dua yaitu HPV dengan risiko tinggi berpotensi menyebabkan keganasan (high risk (hr) HPV) dan HPV dengan risiko rendah menyebabkan keganasan. 12 Tipe HPV risiko tinggi antara lain HPV tipe 16,18,31,35,39,45,51,52,56,58,59, 68, dan 69, sedangkan HPV dengan risiko rendah antara lain tipe 6, 11, 40, 42, 54, 55, 61, 62, 64, 71, 72, 81, 83, dan 84. HrHPV terkait dengan beberapa keganasan antara lain kanker oropharynx, kanker serviks dan kanker penis.…”

“…29,30 Keunggulan yang kedua adalah VLP dapat menginduksi antibodi dengan titer yang tinggi dalam jangka waktu lama dibandingkan antibodi yang muncul pada infeksi HPV secara alami. 30,31 Vaksin HPV diberikan secara intramuskular dalam tiga kali dosis pemberian yaitu bulan ke-0, 2, dan 6 untuk vaksin quadrivalent dan bulan ke-0, 1, dan 6 untuk vaksin bivalent. VLP yang masuk akan ditangkap dan dikenali oleh sel dendritik untuk kemudian dipresentasikan ke sel limfosit T CD4 + .…”

Cervical Cancer Screening Guidelines in the Postvaccination Era: Review of the Literature

“…Table 1 shows the worldwide HPV vaccine coverage among female population aged 10–20 [ 51 ], the cervical cancer incidence (by continent) [ 52 ], and the health care systems (by countries).…”

Are We Facing a New Colposcopic Practice in the HPV Vaccination Era? Opportunities, Challenges, and New Perspectives

“…The effect of HPV vaccination strongly depends on both the target population and the rate of vaccination coverage. The vaccine coverage among female teenagers aged 10-20 years varies enormously from 1.2% to 53% in different populations (53% in North America, 41% in Oceania, 36% in Europe, 22% in Latin America and the Caribbean, and 1.2% in Africa and Asia) [8]. In Europe, it accounts for around 36%, in Italy about 40%, where the vaccine coverage of the 2006 cohort ranges from 17 to 71% in different regions [8].…”

“…The vaccine coverage among female teenagers aged 10-20 years varies enormously from 1.2% to 53% in different populations (53% in North America, 41% in Oceania, 36% in Europe, 22% in Latin America and the Caribbean, and 1.2% in Africa and Asia) [8]. In Europe, it accounts for around 36%, in Italy about 40%, where the vaccine coverage of the 2006 cohort ranges from 17 to 71% in different regions [8]. It is clearly established that only a high vaccination coverage will allow the screening algorithm modification with screening interval elongation.…”