Current progress of genome editing in livestock

Lee, Kiho; Uh, Kyungjun; Farrell, Kayla

doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.01.036

Cited by 35 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…Several comprehensive reviews discussing gene-editing technology and its current status in livestock are available ( Kalds et al, 2019 ; McFarlane et al, 2019 ; Kalds et al, 2020 ; Lee et al, 2020 ; Menchaca et al, 2020a ; Navarro-Serna et al, 2020 ), therefore, we provide an overview of critical landmark events and recent improvements in the CRISPR/Cas9 field and include a comprehensive literature review focused on the production of gene edited farm animals with specific application to agricultural and biomedical fields.…”

Section: Gene Editing Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvements in Gene Editing Technology Boost Its Applications in Livestock

et al. 2021

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Accelerated development of novel CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing techniques provides a feasible approach to introduce a variety of precise modifications in the mammalian genome, including introduction of multiple edits simultaneously, efficient insertion of long DNA sequences into specific targeted loci as well as performing nucleotide transitions and transversions. Thus, the CRISPR/Cas9 tool has become the method of choice for introducing genome alterations in livestock species. The list of new CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing tools is constantly expanding. Here, we discuss the methods developed to improve efficiency and specificity of gene editing tools as well as approaches that can be employed for gene regulation, base editing, and epigenetic modifications. Additionally, advantages and disadvantages of two primary methods used for the production of gene-edited farm animals: somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT or cloning) and zygote manipulations will be discussed. Furthermore, we will review agricultural and biomedical applications of gene editing technology.

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Section: Gene Editing Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvements in Gene Editing Technology Boost Its Applications in Livestock

et al. 2021

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“…In agriculture, SCNT can rescue endangered species, protect the genetic resources of commercially important species, and accelerate the propagation of breeding livestock, including pigs, cows, and sheep (Gomez et al, 2009;Keefer, 2015). In combination with genome-modification technologies such as the recently developed clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9mediated genome editing, SCNT can rapidly produce cloned mammals with desirable traits including rapid growth, disease resistance, and good meat quality, thereby cultivating novel varieties, and shortening breeding cycle (Galli et al, 2012;Wells and Prather, 2017;Lee et al, 2020). In biomedicine, SCNT can create a mammary gland bioreactor to produce therapeutic proteins, establish animal models to investigate the pathogenesis of human diseases, and produce genetically modified xenograft organs for patient transplantation (Lotti et al, 2017;Niu et al, 2017;Telugu et al, 2017).…”

Section: Scnt In Mammalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetic Reprogramming During Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer: Recent Progress and Future Directions

Wang

et al. 2020

Front. Genet.

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Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) has broad applications but is limited by low cloning efficiency. In this review, we mainly focus on SCNT-mediated epigenetic reprogramming in livestock and also describe mice data for reference. This review presents the factors contributing to low cloning efficiency, demonstrates that incomplete epigenetic reprogramming leads to the low developmental potential of cloned embryos, and further describes the regulation of epigenetic reprogramming by long non-coding RNAs, which is a new research perspective in the field of SCNT-mediated epigenetic reprogramming. In conclusion, this review provides new insights into the epigenetic regulatory mechanism during SCNT-mediated nuclear reprogramming, which could have great implications for improving cloning efficiency.

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“…Generation of genetically modified sheep has been applied since the 1990s and opened a new avenue for improving economic traits and research purposes (Kalds et al, 2019), including the production of human diseases models (Kues & Niemann, 2011), therapeutic proteins and improvement of animal traits such as wool production (Zhang et al, 2017), body weight gain (Wang et al, 2016), disease resistance (Proudfoot & Burkard, 2017) and investigation of gene functions (Kalds et al, 2019). Such genetically modified animals have been reported in cattle (Lee et al, 2020), pig, goat and sheep (Kalds et al, 2019). However, the application of these technologies is limited due to the high cost and low efficiency (Freitas et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Of these methods, direct microinjection of foreign genetic materials into the cytoplasm or pronuclei is a common delivery method. It can reduce the time and effort needed to produce a genetically modified animal (Lee et al, 2020). Also, it can be emerged with other assisted tools such as sequence‐specific nucleases (ZFNs, TALENs and CRISPR/Cas9) to enhance the efficiency of genetic modification (Kalds et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing injection time of GFP plasmid into sheep zygote

Ebrahimi

Ladu²,

Chessa

et al. 2021

Reprod Domestic Animals

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Microinjection of exogenous DNA into the cytoplasm of matured oocytes or zygotes is a promising technique to generate transgenic animals. However, the data about the microinjection time and procedure in sheep are limited and have not treated in detail. To obtain more in‐depth information, the Sarda sheep oocytes from abattoir‐derived ovaries were subjected to IVM and IVF. Then, the GFP plasmid as a reporter gene was injected into the cytoplasm of MII oocytes (n: 95) and zygotes at different post‐insemination intervals (6–8 hpi, n: 120; 8–10 hpi, n: 122; 10–12 hpi, n: 110 and 12–14 hpi, n: 96). There were no significant differences in the cleavage rates between the groups. However, blastocyst rate of injected zygotes at all‐time intervals was significantly lower than injected MII oocytes and control group (p < 0.05). Interestingly, the proportion of GFP‐positive embryos was higher at 8–10 hpi compared with other injected groups (4 % versus 0 %, p < 0.01). Among these, the proportion of mosaic embryos was high and two of those embryos developed to the blastocyst stage. In conclusion, we settled on the cytoplasmic microinjection of GFP plasmid at 8–10 hpi as an optimized time point for the production of transgenic sheep and subsequent experiments.

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Current progress of genome editing in livestock

Cited by 35 publications

References 87 publications

Improvements in Gene Editing Technology Boost Its Applications in Livestock

Improvements in Gene Editing Technology Boost Its Applications in Livestock

Epigenetic Reprogramming During Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer: Recent Progress and Future Directions

Optimizing injection time of GFP plasmid into sheep zygote

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