Curcumin Nanoparticles Versus Curcumin in Amelioration of Inflammatory and Pathological Changes During the Migratory Phase of Murine Trichinellosis

Abstract

Trichinella spiralis can cause systemic inflammatory manifestations all over the body before habituating their destination in the striated muscles. Its new borne larvae (NBL) most dangerous phase go via bloodstream of different organs during migration.This study explored the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects of Curcumin (Cur) and Curcumin nanoparticles (Cur-Nano) on inflammatory and pathological changes occurred in different organs in murine trichinellosis during larval migratory phase.Forty ( 40) male Swiss albino mice were divided into four groups of ten mice each. GI: mice infected and treated with Cur, GII: mice infected and treated with Cur-Nano, GIII: infected nontreated mice (positive control) and GIV: non-infected non-treated (negative control). Mice were infected orally with 200 T. spiralis larvae per mouse. GI & GII received treatment on 13 th day post infection (dpi) for 5 successive days. All mice were sacrificed on the 30 th dpi. Effects of Cur & Cur-Nano were evaluated by counting T. spiralis encysted larvae in muscle by light microscope. Frozen sera (-20°C) were used for quantitative estimation of ALT, AST, TNF sforming growth factor--) and Troponin (Trop). Specimens of lung, liver, brain and heart were fixed in neutral buffered formalin for H&E and immunohistochemical staining.The results showed that number of encysted T. spiralis larvae in GI & GII was significantly reduced compared to GIII. In both treated groups (GI & GII), there was a significant reduction in -& Trop. There was significant improvement of bile duct injury and proliferation, alveolar and pleural inflammation, and bronchial epithelial proliferation, as well as improvement of degenerative changes in brain and heart. The infected nontreated group (GIII) showed significant overexpression of Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX 2 ), caspase 3, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), arginase and granzyme b, with a significant low expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) as compared to treated groups.