Cultivo inicial in vitro de gemas axilares de Ananas comosus (L.) Merr., em meio líquido/sólido, na presença/ausência de luz

Abstract

COMUNICAÇÃO CULTIVO INICIAL IN VITRO DE GEMAS AXILARES DE RESUMOA capacidade regenerativa de gemas axilares de abacaxizeiro cv. Pérola (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.) foi avaliada em meio de cultivo líquido e gelificado, na presença e ausência de luz, com o objetivo de produzir material para subsequentes fases da micropropagação. Os explantes foram estabelecidos, por 60 dias, em meio MS acrescido de 0,63 M de ANA e 2,5 M de BAP. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, constituído com quatro tratamentos (meio líquido com e sem ponte de papel de filtro e meio gelificado com ágar a 6,0 g L -1 e com Phytagel ® a 3,0 g L -1 ), com quatro repetições e cinco explantes por repetição. Diferentes volumes de meio líquido (2,5 mL; 5,0 mL e 10,0 mL) também foram avaliados, usando-se quatro repetições por volume de meio de cultura. Maior número de brotos foi obtido na presença de luz, em meio líquido sem ponte de papel de filtro, onde 80% dos explantes se diferenciaram em brotos. Na ausência de luz, 68,8% a 87,5% dos explantes não regeneraram brotos. Explantes cultivados em volumes de 5,0 mL ou 2,5 mL de meio MS líquido, acrescido de 0,63 M de ANA e 2,5 M de BAP, na presença de luz, constitui um protocolo adequado para cultivo inicial de gemas axilares e regeneração de brotos de abacaxizeiro. Termos para indexação: Abacaxizeiro, cultura in vitro, regeneração, Ananas comosus. ABSTRACTThe regenerative capacity of buds from lateral sprouts of the pineapple cv. Pérola (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.) was evaluated in liquid and semi-solid medium, under light and dark conditions, with the objective of producing materials for subsequent phase of micropropagation. The explants were established for 60 days in basal MS medium, supplemented with 0.63 M NAA and 2.5 M BAP. The statistical design was completely randomized with four treatments (liquid medium with and without filter paper bridge, and semi-solid medium gellified with agar and phytagel®), four repetitions and five explants per experimental unit. Different volumes of liquid medium (2.5 mL, 5.0 mL, and 10.0 mL) were also evaluated in four replications per treatment. More buds were obtained in liquid medium without filter paper bridge, where 80.0% of explants differentiated new shoots. In treatments cultivated in the dark, 68.8% to 87.5% of the explants did not regenerate new shoots. Explants cultivated in volumes of 2.5 mL and 5.0 mL of medium, in the presence of light, were more efficient in the induction and formation of shoots. The cultivation of axillary buds of lateral pineapple sprouts in 2.5 mL or 5.0 mL of MS liquid medium, supplemented with 0.63 M NAA and 2.5 M BAP, in the presence of light, represents an adequate protocol for establishing new pineapple shoots for use in subsequent phases of micropropagation.

Inducing autotetraploids in cassava using oryzalin and colchicine and their in vitro morphophysiological effects

“…According to Karasawa et al (2002), in tissue culture, the physical state of the culture medium has a fundamental effect on the morphogenesis and growth of the shoots, which can cause serious problems in the development of explants. However, other authors report that liquid medium could successfully be adopted for multiplication of potato seedlings Fortes, 2003, 2004), banana (de Siqueira et al, 2013), and pineapple (Barboza et al, 2009). Regarding the successful generation of autopolyploid plants, Allum et al (2007) reported that the combination of high antimitotic doses and long exposure times can double the DNA content, resulting in high ploidy levels and the generation of several mixoploids.…”

Advances in pineapple plant propagation

“…Micropropagation protocols of pineapple have been developed and adjusted since the work of Aghion & Beauchesne (1960). From then many studies have demonstrated the applicability of this technique to the programs of pineapple genetic improvement, as well as for commercial production of plantlets (BE & DEBERGH, 2006;SOUZA et al, 2009;BARBOZA et al, 2009;AL-SAIF et al, 2011;ZURAIDA et al, 2011; SCHERER USMAN et al, 2013;FARAHANI, 2014;NELSON et al, 2015;SCHERER et al, 2015ab;OLIVEIRA-CAUDURO et al, 2016;SILVA et al, 2016;MENDONÇA, et al, 2017). C u r r e n t l y, c o n v e n t i o n a l t e c h n i q u e s o f micropropagation have been routinely used in the process of multiplication of new hybrids by research institutions, even though the protocols must be adjusted for each new variety.…”