Cryptosporidiosis in HIV infected persons: Prevalence in a New York City population

Spencer, Kim Li; Acosta, Alberto; Gellin, Bruce G.; Prince, Amy; Ramos, Letícia Francine Silva; Jacobs, Jonathan L.

doi:10.1016/s1201-9712(97)90041-2

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Soave found Cryptosporidium antibodies using ELISA in 25 (20.3%) out of 137 HIV-infected individuals in New York City. 25 A similar trend was recently found in HIV-infected patients in San Francisco, with an estimated infection rate of 230 infections/1000 person-years. 26 However, little has been reported on Cryptosporidium infection among HIV-positive individuals in China.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Rapid microfluidic immunoassay for surveillance and diagnosis of Cryptosporidium infection in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients

Zhang

Jing

et al. 2015

Biomicrofluidics

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Cryptosporidiosis has been reported to be associated with HIV/acquired immune deficiency syndrome, which greatly reduces the quality of life and shortens the life expectancy of HIV-infected patients. In order to properly treat the infected patients, accurate and automatic diagnostic tools need to be developed. In this study, a novel microfluidic immunochip system was presented for the surveillance and the rapid detection of Cryptosporidium infection in 190 HIV-infected patients from Guangxi, China, using the P23 antigen of Cryptosporidium. The procedure of detection can be completed within 10 min with 2 μl sample consumption. The system also was evaluated using the standard ELISA method. Among 190 HIV-infected individuals, the rate of P23 positivity was 13.7%. Seropositivity in HIV-infected individuals was higher in female patients. The seropositivity to P23 was higher in HIV-infected individuals with high viral load, although the difference was statistically insignificant. Significantly higher Cryptosporidium seropositivity was observed in HIV-infected individuals with a CD4+ T-cell count of <200 cells/μl than in those with ≥200 cells/μl. Our results also demonstrate that a lower CD4+ T-cell count may reflect an increased accumulated risk for cryptosporidiosis. The detection system was further validated using the standard ELISA method and good correlation between the two methods was found (r = 0.80). Under the same sensitivity, this new microfluidic chip device had a specificity of 98.2%. This developed system may provide a powerful platform for the fast screening of Cryptospordium infection in HIV-infected patients.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Rapid microfluidic immunoassay for surveillance and diagnosis of Cryptosporidium infection in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients

Zhang

Jing

et al. 2015

Biomicrofluidics

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“…The relatively high incidence of antibodies to Cryptosporidium found in our study has been confirmed in other studies of both individuals with and without HIV infection. Soave and colleagues using the ELISA assay found 25 (20n3 %) of 137 individuals with HIV to have Cryptosporidium antibodies but did not identify any statistical association with potential risk factors (18). In one study in the USA, the prevalence among blood donors with a surface water supply (Las Vegas) was 40 % compared to 30 % with a ground water supply (Albuquerque).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Determinants of antibodies to Cryptosporidium infection among gay and bisexual men with HIV infection

et al. 1999

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A cross-sectional serosurvey for markers of prior Cryptosporidium infection was conducted among homosexual or bisexual males infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); of 262 individuals approached, 236 (90%) agreed to participate. Serological response to two Cryptosporidium antigens was measured using a Western blot assay. The intensity or detection of serological responses to two Cryptosporidium antigens was not associated with CD4 cell counts or tap water consumption. A number of sexual practices were related to increased serological response for only the 27-kDa marker, including having had sex within the past 2 years, having anal sex and having had a larger number of sex partners during the past 2 years. Attending a spa or sauna was related to serological response to both the 27-kDa and 17-kDa markers. Based on these results, activities related to sexual activity appear to be a significant risk factors for prior Cryptosporidium infection.

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“…Although documented risks for cryptosporidiosis specifically in NYC include child care attendance (15) and HIV positivity (16), a systematic summary of the epidemiology of cryptosporidiosis in this large, urban setting is lacking. We examined all reported cryptosporidiosis cases since the first full year of routine investigations began in NYC in 1995.…”

Section: Learning Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Cryptosporidiosis, New York City, New York, USA, 1995–20181

Alleyne¹,

Fitzhenry²,

Mergen³

et al. 2020

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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Cryptosporidiosis in HIV infected persons: Prevalence in a New York City population

Cited by 8 publications

References 21 publications

Rapid microfluidic immunoassay for surveillance and diagnosis of Cryptosporidium infection in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients

Rapid microfluidic immunoassay for surveillance and diagnosis of Cryptosporidium infection in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients

Determinants of antibodies to Cryptosporidium infection among gay and bisexual men with HIV infection

Epidemiology of Cryptosporidiosis, New York City, New York, USA, 1995–20181

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