Cryogenic Technology

Carbon monoxide separation: past, present and future

“…The feed gas is pretreated by removing residual water and CO 2 before entering the system with a pressure of approximately 1.5-3.5 MPa. 32 Fig. 5 is a representation of a liquid methane wash process.…”

“…The separation process is based on the relative volatilities of the components in the mixture using the effective vapour pressures to extract one or several components from the mixture. 32 The cryogenic range begins when so-called permanent gases (N 2 , O 2 etc. ) start to liquefy around −150 °C.…”

Hydrogen liquefaction: a review of the fundamental physics, engineering practice and future opportunities

“…Three dominant types of hydrogen liquefaction system design or cycle are discussed in the literature: 193–198 (i) Linde–Hampson cycle; (ii) Claude cycle; and (iii) Brayton refrigeration cycle. The Linde–Hampson is one of the oldest (1895) cycles used to liquefy gases and is characterised by low efficiency compared with other systems; it is only considered appropriate for small-scale (<2 TPD) systems.…”