This work focuses on designing and developing a simulated
moving
bed (SMB) process for the separation of methane and nitrogen mixtures,
using a commercial activated carbon (BPL) as the adsorbent material
and two potential desorbent gases: argon and carbon dioxide. As such,
the material performance was evaluated by measuring the adsorption
equilibrium data and the dynamic behavior of single and multicomponent
adsorption through fixed-bed experiments. The pure component isotherms
of N2, CH4, Ar, and CO2 were measured
at 303, 323, and 343 K in a pressure range of 0–2.5 bar using
a volumetric apparatus, with CO2 exhibiting the highest
affinity to the stationary phase and Ar the lowest. The data was regressed
against the dual-site Langmuir (DSL) model. Single, binary, and ternary
breakthrough curves were also assessed, allowing the validation of
the proposed mathematical model. Two SMB cycles were employed to separate
an equimolar CH4/N2 mixture using each desorbent
gas to evaluate the impact of the desorbent strength in the process.
The respective separation regions were drawn. Both cycles were capable
of producing a high-purity methane stream (96.2 and 97.4% for the
Ar and CO2 experiment, respectively) with high recovery
(>92%). When argon is used as the desorbent gas, the extract product
stream is obtained with productivity of 14.1 kg·m–3
ads·h–1.