Cropping season affect the performance of basil cultivars and hybrids

Abstract

The objective of this work was to evaluate the performance of basil cultivars and hybrids in two cropping seasons. The experiments were conducted in a randomized block design, with three replications. Twenty-four basil genotypes were tested (20 commercial cultivars and four hybrids), in the dry season (oct.-dec./2015) and in the rainy season (apr.-jun./2016). The evaluated variables were: plant height (cm plant-1), canopy width (cm plant-1), leaf dry weight (g plant-1), and essential oil yield (mL plant-1). The data of each period were subject to analysis of variance and the means were grouped by the Scott-Knott test (p≤0.05). The individual and joint analyses of variance were performed for the experiments in both seasons. The estimated parameters were: coefficient of genetic variation (CV g), coefficient of environmental variation (CV e), CV g /CV e ratio, and heritability (h 2). Leaf dry weight values per plant ranged from 6.23 to 75.00 g plant-1 (dry season) and from 9.17 to 31.34 g plant-1 (rainy season). The hybrid Cinnamon x Maria Bonita (1.50 mL plant-1) and the cultivar Mrs. Burns (1.44 mL plant-1) presented higher essential oil yield in the dry season. All the evaluated variables showed high heritability (h 2) (> 50%) and CV g /CV e ratio (> 1.0), in both cropping seasons, indicating a favorable condition for selection. The cropping season influences the biomass and essential oil yield of basil.

Chemical characterization of the essential oil from leaves of basil genotypes cultivated in different seasons

“…Boletín Latinoamericano y del Caribe de Plantas Medicinales y Aromáticas/60 et al (2004). Basil was harvested after the first flowers of 50% of the plants had opened in each cropping season evaluated (Pinto et al, 2018).…”

Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of basil hybrids and cultivars

“…Five hybrids ('Sweet Dani' x 'Maria Bonita', 'Genovese' x 'Maria Bonita', 'Cinnamon' x 'Maria Bonita', 'Sweet Dani' x 'Cinnamon', and 'Sweet Dani' x 'Genovese') and four parent cultivars ('Maria Bonita', 'Sweet Dani', 'Genovese', and 'Cinnamon') of basil were evaluated. The phenotypic characterization of the cultivars can be seen in Blank et al (2004) and Pinto et al (2018). 'Sweet Dani' and 'Genovese' were acquired from the company Richters, whereas 'Cinnamon' and 'Maria Bonita' were acquired from the companies Johnny's Selected Seeds and UFS, respectively.…”

“…Liming was conducted in the experimental area, using 2 t ha -1 of limestone, applied thirty days before planting to increase the base saturation to 70 %. Conventional tillage was performed after liming by dividing the area into five 1.00 x 15 m seedbeds and adding 800 kg ha -1 of mono-ammonium phosphate (MAP), 300 kg ha -1 of potassium chloride (KCl), and 5 t ha -1 of cattle manure to the soil (PINTO et al, 2018).…”