Criblage Phytochimique et Activités Biologiques de Quatre Plantes Utilisées au Mali dans la Prise en Charge du Paludisme Chez les Enfants

Abstract

Contexte : Selon les résultats d'une enquête menée dans différentes zones écologiques et culturelles au Sud du Mali, beaucoup de plantes médicinales sont utilisées dans la prise charge du paludisme chez les enfants, dont Annona senegalensis, Flueggea virosa, Gymnosporia senegalensis et Vitex doniana. Nous avons approfondi les études sur la composition phytochimique, la sécurité d'emplois et les activités contre les symptômes du paludisme. Objectifs : Caractériser les métabolites secondaires, déterminer la toxicité aiguë, vérifier l'activité hémolytique et évaluer les propriétés antalgiques, antipyrétiques et antiinflammatoires des quatre plantes. Méthodologie : La composition phytochimique a été déterminée par des réactions colorées en tube. L'activité hémolytique a été évaluée par CCM, révélée par le sang humain. La toxicité aigüe et les activités biologiques ont AbstractIntroduction: According to the results of a survey conducted in different ecological and cultural areas in southern Mali, many medicinal plants are used by traditional paediatricians in taking charge of malaria in children. The survey highlighted the use of four plants, which we decided to carry out further study on phytochemical composition, safety of use and activity against symptoms of malaria. Objectives: To characterize secondary metabolites, to determine acute toxicity, to check haemolytic activity, and to evaluate the analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory properties of Annona senegalensis, Flueggea virosa, Gymnosporia senegalensis, and Vitex doniana. Methods: The phytochemical composition of the aqueous extracts of the leafy twigs of the four plants was determined by coloured tube reactions. Haemolytic activity was assessed by TLC and revealed by human blood. Acute toxicity and biological activities were determined in vivo in mice and 213 rats. Results: Coumarins, sterols, tri-terpenes, tannins and flavonoids were characterized in the aqueous extracts of the leafy twigs of the four plants. These decocts did not show any constituents that cause haemolysis. Decoctions given orally at the dose of 2000 mg / kg in mice did not cause toxic effects and mortality. Decoctions administered orally at the dose of 100 and 200 mg / kg showed remarkable analgesic, anti-inflammatory (in mice), and antipyretic (in rat) activities. Conclusion: These preliminary results validate the traditional use of the four plants in the management of malaria symptoms in children.

Evaluation of in vitro Antioxidant Activities of Ethanol Extracts of Datura innoxia Mill. Leaves and Seeds Harvested in Mali

“…On the other hand, the high cost of health services and drugs, as well as socio-economic factors, are causing a large part of the population to use medicinal plants for treatment [10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17]. Despite these many virtues and the growing interest of the rural population in this species for health care, there are no (to our knowledge) data on the assessment of the antioxidant potential of Datura species encountered in Mali.…”

Evaluation of the Antioxidant Activity of Some Plants Used in the Management of Erectile Dysfunction by the BWA Community in Mali

“…Antioxidant activity was characterised by TLC using the DPPH reagent (2,2-DiPhenyl-1-Picryl-Hydrazyl) according to the protocol described by 18 . The system was composed of Butanol -Acetic Acid -Water (BAW) in the proportions (7 : 1 :…”

Evaluation of the biological activities of leaf and bark extracts of Ficus platiphylla Delile, a medicinal plant used in Mali

“…The treatment of common diseases and conditions caused by pathogens is increasingly unaffordable for people in developing due to the high cost combined with the low efficacy of some allopathic drugs (Shahzad et al, 2016;Traoré et al, 2019). There is therefore a great need to find alternative sources of bioactive chemicals, in particular of plant origin which can readily be used though undergoing an extensible manufacturing process (Biyiti et al, 2004).…”

“…Traditional plant-based medicine remains the first option for treatment in low-income countries. This is not only due to the historical considerations but more importantly, the lower-cost and access these medicines (Kpadonou et al, 2019;Traoré et al, 2019). The WHO estimates that up to 80% of the world's population uses traditional medicine for primary care (WHO, 2018).…”

“…These discoveries could yield to unknown bioactive molecules that could be useful for the treatment of diseases and the standardisation of therapeutic compositions (Haidara, 2018). In Mali, the National Institute of Research in Public Health (INRSP) through its Department of Traditional Medicine (DMT), a structure specializing in the exploration and development of phytomedicines, has carried out numerous studies to this end (Diallo et al, 2003;Willcox et al, 2007;Togola et al, 2008;Sanogo et al, 2012;Sanogo et al, 2014;Haidara et al, 2016;Traoré et al, 2019;Denou et al, 2019). However, many other plant species commonly used by local populations have not yet been explored.…”