Crescimento de folhas do capim-bermuda tifton 85 submetido à adubação nitrogenada após o corte

Olivo

et al. 2016

SCA

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the presence of forage peanut (Arachis pintoi Krap. and Greg.) on the morphogenesis characteristics of two cultivars of Cynodon (Tifton 85 and Coastcross-1). The experimental design was factorial (three factors), in randomized blocks, having as factors the cultivars (2), the occupancy area of forage peanut (4) and the seasons (3), with three replications, established in plots. There were three assessments during the study, in spring, summer and autumn, in which the total number of tillers, the culm and leaf elongation, the senescence rate and leaf emergence, the phyllochron, the leaf lifespan, the leaf number and the height of culm and canopy were evaluated. The number of green leaves, number of elongating leaves and senescence rate were similar among cultivars, but cv. Coastcross-1 showed higher number of expanded leaves and leaf emergence rate, and lower phyllochron and leaf lifespan. We observed lower rates of senescence and higher leaf emergence in spring, and lower rates of leaf elongation in autumn. The increasing participation of forage peanut in the pastures did not affect the calculated morphogenetic variables, but decreased the number of grass tillers. A lower average daily thermal accumulation decreased the development of both grasses in this study, with a more pronounced effect in cv. Tifton 85. The Coastcross-1 cultivar has higher elongation rate and leaf emergence, coupled with lower phyllochron and leaf lifespan, indicating a need for shorter rest periods when compared to cv. Tifton 85. Key words: Arachis pintoi. Cynodon dactylon. Mixed swards. Structural characteristics. ResumoO objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a presença do amendoim forrageiro (Arachis pintoi Krap. e Greg.) sobre as características morfogênicas de duas cv.es do gênero Cynodon (Tifton 85 e Coastcross-1). O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em fatorial distribuído em blocos ao acaso, apresentando como fatores as cultivares (2), a oportunização de área para o amendoim forrageiro no plantio das pastagens (4) e as estações estudadas (3), com três repetições, sendo estabelecidas em parcelas. Realizaramse três avaliações no decorrer do estudo, caracterizando as estações de primavera, verão e outono, sendo avaliado o número total de perfilhos, alongamento de colmo e folhas, taxa de senescência e

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 99%

Morphogenesis in pastures of Coastcross-1 and Tifton 85 mixed with forage peanut, submitted to cutting management

Olivo

et al. 2016

SCA

“…N was positively correlated with LL (p < 0.05) in the 1st, 2nd, and 4th cuts (Figure 8). Premazzi et al (2011) found an increased LL and LER in treatments with no added N and with 80 mg N kg -1 of soil compared to applications of 160 and 240 mg N kg -1 of soil. varies with the season (MOREIRA et al, 2015).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…The other cuts at both intervals might have had lower average mass per tiller because they had higher DMY. Premazzi et al (2003) reported an inverse relationship between TN and mass, as greater numbers of taller tillers compete to assimilate nutrients, thereby reducing individual tiller mass; increasing N availability may lead to taller tillers. There was no significant variation in TN with respect to cutting interval and N level (Figure 4).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tifton 85 grass responses to different nitrogen levels and cutting intervals

Taffarel

Mesquita

Castagnara

et al. 2016

SCA

The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of five levels of N and two regrowth intervals on the structural, productive, and nutritional characteristics of Tifton 85 grass (Cynodon spp). The experiment was conducted in a hay production field at the State University of West Paraná, planted in 2004 with Cynodon spp. cv. Tifton 85. The experiment was established in a randomized block design with factorial treatments of five N fertilization amounts (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 kg ha -1 cut -1 ) applied as urea after each cut, and two regrowth intervals (28 and 35 d), with four replicates. N application promoted changes in plant structure, such as increased canopy height, stem length, leaf elongation rate, and dry mass (DM) production. The greatest N use efficiency, considering the four harvests, occurred in the plot with 25 kg N ha -1 cut -1 at the 35-d interval, with a production of 13.79 kg DM kg -1 of N applied. A nutritional analysis indicated that 100 kg ha -1 of N cut -1 promoted higher crude protein (CP) at 28 d, with the highest concentration observed in the fourth cut (208.2 g kg -1 DM) and the lowest in the second cut (140.12 g kg -1 DM). The content average in the four cuts for CP and LIG at 28 days of regrowth was 175.85 and 104.33 kg -1 g MS and at 35 days of regrowth interval was of 164.45 and 118.65 g kg -1 DM, respectively. No differences were found between regrowth intervals in the contents of mineral matter and acid detergent fiber (ADF). Environmental factors including the wide variation in precipitation (greater than 200 mm between the peak in December 2010 and the lowest in March 2011) greatly influenced Tifton 85 grass production, affecting DM and the nutritional value of the forage in each cut. Key words: Biomass. Forage quality. Grazing. Management. Persistence. Stocking. ResumoO objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a influência de cinco doses de nitrogênio (N) em duas idades de rebrota no capim Tifton 85 (Cynodon spp.) sobre as características estruturais, produtivas e na composição bromatológica. O experimento foi instalado no campo de produção de feno da UNIOESTE, campus de Marechal Cândido Rondon. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 5x2, sendo cinco doses de nitrogênio (0, 25, 50, 75 e 100 kg ha -1 ) aplicados em cada corte, aplicadas na forma de uréia, duas idades de rebrota (28 e 35 dias) com quatro repetições e quatro cortes.

“…Comparing both partially-and fully-expanded leaves, the first ones were longer than the latter for both tillers. Premazzi et al (2011) fertilized Tifton 85 grass with nitrogen after cuts and found positive responses to leaf blade length, with mean values of 19.3 and 15.8 cm after the first and second cuts, applying doses of 162 and 187 mg kg -1 nitrogen to the soil. Gomide et al (2003) emphasized the importance of environmental factors, mainly temperature, photoperiod, and lightness, on leaf appearance and elongation rates, favoring LAI index and, hence, forage accumulation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of basal and aerial tillers to forage production dynamics in Tifton-85 bermudagrass irrigated with fishpond wastewater and fertilized with NPK

Almeida

Mistura

Nunes

et al. 2017

SCA

This paper aims to assess the contribution of basal and aerial tillers to structural and productive characteristics of Tifton 85 bermudagrass, irrigated with fish tank wastewaters and fertilized with NPK. The experiment was conducted in the city of Petrolina-PE, Northeastern Brazil. The evaluated area had 960 m 2 subdivided into five treatments and ten replicates, in a completely randomized design. Treatments consisted of different fertilization rates of NPK (0, 33, 67, 100, and 150%) as recommended by the Handbook of Fertilization Recommendations for the State of Pernambuco, and based on a prior soil analysis. Irrigation water came from fishponds with Nile Tilapia fingerlings. The experiment was divided into four intervals of 27, 29, 18, and 21 days respective to the first, second, third, and fourth cuts. Both tiller types were analyzed for number of individuals, culm length and diameter, fully-and partially-expanded leaves, leaf length and width (fully or partially expanded), dry mass of leaves (fully and partially expanded and total), culm, dead tissue, and total tiller, and the ratio of leaf and culm. Both structural and productive characteristics showed a linear growth trend for both types, with emphasis on the basal tillers. Thus, a suitable supply of nutrients is crucial for grasses, mainly NPK, as these are macronutrients of vital importance in physiological processes. In addition to the nutrients supplied via fish farming wastewater, fertilization with 150% of the recommended amount of NPK promoted a greater structural development of the tillers, increasing their productivity levels. ResumoEste trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a contribuição dos perfilhos basais e aéreos do capim-tifton 85, nas suas características estruturais e produtivas, quando irrigado com efluentes de tanque de piscicultura e recebendo adubação com NPK. O trabalho foi conduzido no município de Petrolina-PE, e a área útil utilizada foi de 960 m 2 dividida em cinco tratamentos e dez repetições, em delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado. Os tratamentos foram compostos por diferentes níveis de adubação com NPK (0, 33, 67, 100 e 150%) conforme recomendado pelo manual de análise de solo do estado de Pernambuco-PE, sendo que antes das adubações foram realizadas as análises do solo. A água para irrigação foi oriunda de tanques de piscicultura povoados com alevinos de Tilápia do Nilo. O experimento foi dividido em quatro intervalos com 27, 29, 18 e 21 dias para o primeiro, segundo, terceiro e quarto corte, respectivamente. As variáveis analisadas foram: número de perfilhos basais e aéreos, comprimento e diâmetro do colmo, número de lâmina foliar expandida e em expansão, comprimento e largura de lâmina foliar expandida e em expansão das duas categorias de perfilhos, além da massa seca da lâmina foliar expandida, em expansão e total, do colmo, tecido morto e por unidade de perfilho, assim como a relação lâmina foliar/colmo dos dois tipos de perfilhos, basal e aéreo. Verificou-se crescimento linear das características e...