Coupling Coordination of Water Governance and Tourism: Measurement and Prediction

Abstract

The interaction between water governance and tourism is complicated and significant so that the study of the coupling coordination between these two subsystems is important. This study analyzes the correlation mechanism of the water governance-tourism system, constructs the composite and aggregated evaluation system which consists of 5 dimensions and 15 indicators, uses information entropy weight technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution method to evaluate the development degrees of both water governance and tourism growth of the 11 regions in the Yangtze River Economic Zone, analyzes the two subsystems’ relation of coupling coordination temporally and spatially with the coupling coordination degree model, predicts degrees of coupling coordination of the regions for the next 4 years with gray system prediction model, and proposes specific and generalizable countermeasures. The results show that these methods can provide an effective reference to evaluate the coupling coordination development of water governance and tourism and to provide scientific and generalizable countermeasures for enhancement.

Measurement and Prediction: Coupling Coordination of Finance and Air Environment

“…According to this mechanism, this study sets up the evaluation index to measure the coupling coordination interactions of the two subsystems. is paper firstly selects indicators for the two subsystems, respectively, based on previous studies [6,20,27,28,[44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51]. Secondly, the paper screens the data with several principles: (1) the data should represent the key components of the subsystems of the finance and the air environment; (2) indicators should be simple and easy to understand in order to reduce multicollinearity; and (3) the data can be continuously obtained [20,49].…”

“…For the finance subsystem [6,27,[44][45][46][47]49], the finance scale aspect measures the actual amount of this industry, represented by the number of employees in the financial industry, total deposits and loans of the year, and the added value of this industry. e second aspect is the finance structure, which represents the performance quality of the industry, including financial correlation rate, insurance depth, financial concentrations, and loan structures.…”

“…For the air environment subsystem, three aspects are formed [20,28,47,48,50,51]. e aspect of the air environment pressure mainly refers to the air pollution, including the emissions of the air pollutants, such as smoke and dust, nitrogen oxide, and Sulphur dioxide.…”

The Nature of Educational Tourism: The Aspects of Means-end Chain Approach

“…For tourist destinations and tourists, the development of educational tourism can increase the communication and interaction between tourists and residents in different places [9,13,14], so that tourists can promote different races and cultures [5]. This means that the development of educational tourism can promote interpersonal interaction.…”

“…Total frequency Factor category Hierarchical category (9); cultural uniqueness and diversity (7); good climate conditions (2); less leisure activities (3); convenient transportation in the city (8); more immigrants (3); difficult to attract young people (3); pension market (5); frequent natural disasters (2) Tourism publicity is not enough (2); teamwork ability (3) High price (13); no special diet (4); long journey (3); beautiful scenery (5); the first time (3); improving the impression of the destination (8); positive emotion and attitude (12); travel habits (4); tourism strategy (5); peer feelings ( 4…”