Correlative study of microstructure and performance for porous transport layers in polymer electrolyte membrane water electrolysers by X-ray computed tomography and electrochemical characterization

Majasan, J.; Iacoviello, Francesco; Cho, J.I.S.; Maier, Maximilian; Lu, Xuekun; Neville, Tobias P.; Dedigama, Ishanka; Shearing, Paul R.; Brett, Dan J. L.

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.05.222

Cited by 43 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…The EIS analysis of single cell was performed in the frequency range of 10 4 to 10 −1 at 2.0 V cell and shown in inset of Figure E. The Nyquist plot shown as an inset figure represents a typical shape of combined charge and mass transfer related resistances . The obtained R ohm was 0.2 Ω cm 2 and the overpotential subdivisions at 0.5 and 1.0 A cm −2 calculated using this were presented in Figure E.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The Nyquist plot shown as an inset figure represents a typical shape of combined charge and mass transfer related resistances. [72][73][74][75] The obtained R ohm was 0.2 Ω cm 2 and the overpotential subdivisions at 0.5 and 1.0 A cm −2 calculated using this were presented in Figure 6E. In detail, 0.2 Ω cm 2 of R ohm from EIS was used to redraw the iR-corrected Tafel plot.…”

Section: F I G U R E 3 (A) X-ray Diffraction (Xrd) Patterns Of Ti Foimentioning

confidence: 96%

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Facile electrochemical preparation of nonprecious Co‐Cu alloy catalysts for hydrogen production in proton exchange membrane water electrolysis

Kim

Park

et al. 2019

Int J Energy Res

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Summary To realize nonprecious‐metal catalysts with practical applicability for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), improved corrosion resistance and catalytic activity are required. In this study, composition‐controlled Co‐Cu alloys were fabricated by electrodeposition for use as HER catalysts in proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers (PEMWEs). As the Cu content in the alloy increased, the morphology changed from needle‐shaped particles to small round particles. Furthermore, a phase transition from a hexagonal close‐packed structure to a face‐centered cubic structure occurs because the latter structure is stabilized by adding Cu to Co. The optimum catalyst composition for the HER was found to be Co59Cu41, which had an overpotential of 342 mV at −10 mA cm−2. This catalyst exhibited excellent durability, showing a potential reduction of approximately 100 mV over 12 hours under a constant current density. This superior performance was attributed to the increase in the electrochemical surface area resulting from the addition of Cu, as confirmed by electrochemical double layer capacitance measurements, in addition to a counterbalance between the hydrogen adsorption energies of Co and Cu. Finally, the application of the Co‐Cu alloy catalyst as a cathode catalyst in a PEMWE resulted in excellent performance of 1.2 A cm−2 at 2.0 Vcell.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: F I G U R E 3 (A) X-ray Diffraction (Xrd) Patterns Of Ti Foimentioning

confidence: 96%

Facile electrochemical preparation of nonprecious Co‐Cu alloy catalysts for hydrogen production in proton exchange membrane water electrolysis

Kim

Park

et al. 2019

Int J Energy Res

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“…Recent studies revealed that the structure of the interface between the anodic porous transport layer (PTL) and the catalyst layer (CL) is a crucial factor limiting cell efficiency . Today's PEWE technology relies on porous, Ti based, transport layer materials in the form of sintered materials with original applications in filtration or medical tissue growing . The lack of PTL materials with suitable surface characteristics tailored for this application inhibits the further improvement of cell efficiency and development of PEWE technology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…), is governed by power prices and the hydrogen production efficiency of the PEWE plant, which in turn strongly depends on the electrochemical performance and efficiency of the PEWE cell technology employed. [17][18][19][20][21] Today's PEWE technology relies on porous, Ti based, transport layer materials in the form of sintered materials [17,18,[22][23][24][25] with original applications in filtration [26] or medical tissue growing. [17][18][19][20][21] Today's PEWE technology relies on porous, Ti based, transport layer materials in the form of sintered materials [17,18,[22][23][24][25] with original applications in filtration [26] or medical tissue growing.…”

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confidence: 99%

Hierarchically Structured Porous Transport Layers for Polymer Electrolyte Water Electrolysis

Schuler

Ciccone

Krentscher³

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

105

162

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renewable power, from wind or solar by medium-to-long-term storage using hydrogen as the energy vector, [1,2] enabling effective decarbonisation of the energy sector. [3] PEWE converts electric power by electrochemical water splitting into storable chemical energy. [4][5][6][7] Hydrogen can be reconverted to power or used in other sectors, [8,9] such as fuel cell based mobility [10] and chemical industries. [11] To make hydrogen production with polymer electrolyte water electrolysis a technoeconomically relevant contender, capital and operational cost need to be reduced substantially. [12][13][14][15] Operational cost, which becomes the main cost driver for operation schemes with high duty ratio (≥6000 h p.a.), is governed by power prices and the hydrogen production efficiency of the PEWE plant, which in turn strongly depends on the electrochemical performance and efficiency of the PEWE cell technology employed. [16] The electrochemical efficiency is governed by the underlying electrochemical loss mechanisms of kinetic, ohmic, and mass transport losses, whereas capital cost is driven by limited power density and high noble metal catalyst loadings.Recent studies revealed that the structure of the interface between the anodic porous transport layer (PTL) and the catalyst layer (CL) is a crucial factor limiting cell efficiency. [17][18][19][20][21] Today's PEWE technology relies on porous, Ti based, transport layer materials in the form of sintered materials [17,18,[22][23][24][25] with original applications in filtration [26] or medical tissue growing. [27][28][29] The lack of PTL materials with suitable surface characteristics tailored for this application inhibits the further improvement of cell efficiency and development of PEWE technology.Kinetic losses are governed by the sluggish kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The related overpotential depends on intrinsic catalyst parameters, such as specific exchange current density, activation energy, and number of active catalyst sites. [30] It has been established with model experiments such as optical imaging of the PTL/CL interface [19,20,31] and correlation of in-depth electrochemical analysis with PTL surface structure [17,18] that the catalyst is only partially utilized and CL domains not directly contacted by the porous Timaterials showed no gas evolution hence no electrochemical activity. Schuler et al. [17,18] have quantified the effect, showing

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“…Moreover, it has been shown that the change of two-phase flow regime influences the pressure drop (Cubaud and Ho, 2004;Choi et al, 2011). Hence, the technique presented in this work could be deployed to screen various flow-field configurations or monitor safe limits of operation, replacing less cost-effective or accessible diagnostic tools such as neutron or X-ray imaging (Panchenko et al, 2018;Majasan et al, 2019;Maier et al, 2020).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosing Stagnant Gas Bubbles in a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Water Electrolyser Using Acoustic Emission

et al. 2020

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The use of acoustic emission as a low-cost, non-destructive, and operando diagnostic tool has been demonstrated for a range of electrochemical energy conversion and storage devices, including polymer electrolyte membrane water electrolysers (PEMWEs) and fuel cells. In this work, an abrupt change in acoustic regime is observed during operation of a PEMWE as the current density is increased from 0.5 to 1.0 A cm −2. This regime change is marked by a sudden drop in the number of acoustic hits, while hit duration, amplitude, and energy increase significantly. It is found that the change in acoustic regime coincides with a significant extension of the stagnant bubble region in the flow channels of the PEMWE, observed with high-speed optical imaging. These results demonstrate that acoustic emission can be used effectively as an operando diagnostic tool to monitor bubble formation (two-phase flow conditions) in PEMWEs, facilitating rapid testing or prototyping, and contributing to operational safety.

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Correlative study of microstructure and performance for porous transport layers in polymer electrolyte membrane water electrolysers by X-ray computed tomography and electrochemical characterization

Cited by 43 publications

References 55 publications

Facile electrochemical preparation of nonprecious Co‐Cu alloy catalysts for hydrogen production in proton exchange membrane water electrolysis

Facile electrochemical preparation of nonprecious Co‐Cu alloy catalysts for hydrogen production in proton exchange membrane water electrolysis

Hierarchically Structured Porous Transport Layers for Polymer Electrolyte Water Electrolysis

Diagnosing Stagnant Gas Bubbles in a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Water Electrolyser Using Acoustic Emission

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