Correlations between two markers of sperm DNA integrity, DNA denaturation and DNA fragmentation, in fertile and infertile men

Zini, Armand; Bielecki, Ryszard; Phang, Donna; Zenzes, Maria Teresa

doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(00)01796-9

Cited by 393 publications

(275 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…DNA damage (fragmentation, abnormal chromatin packaging, protamine deficiency) negatively affects reproductive outcome in natural conception (Spano et al, 2000) and ART (Lopes et al, 1998), but spermatozoa from fertile men have also been shown to carry DNA damage (Zini et al, 2001;Zini and Libman, 2006). DNA damage was linked to different age-dependent pathogenic situations (e.g.…”

Section: Structural Chromosomal Aberrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paternal age and reproduction

Sartorius

Nieschlag

2009

Human Reproduction Update

286

210

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background: Due to various sociological factors, couples in developed countries are increasingly delaying childbearing. Besides ethical, economical and sociological issues, this trend presents us with several complex problems in reproduction. Although it is well-known that maternal age has a negative effect on fertility and increases the risk of adverse outcome during pregnancy and in offspring, the paternal influence on these outcomes is less well researched and not well-known.methods: We performed a systematic search of PubMed, and retrieved original articles and review articles to update our previous survey in this journal.results: This review highlights the link between male age and genetic abnormalities in the germ line and summarizes the knowledge about the effects of paternal age on reproductive function and outcome. Increasing paternal age can be associated with decreasing androgen levels, decreased sexual activity, alterations of testicular morphology and a deterioration of semen quality (volume, motility, morphology). Increased paternal age has an influence on DNA integrity of sperm, increases telomere length in spermatozoa and is suggested to have epigenetic effects. These changes may, at least in part, be responsible for the association of paternal age over 40 years with reduced fertility, an increase in pregnancy-associated complications and adverse outcome in the offspring. conclusion: Although higher maternal age can be an indication for intensive prenatal diagnosis, including invasive diagnostics, consideration of the available evidence suggests that paternal age itself, however, provides no rationale for invasive procedures.

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Section: Structural Chromosomal Aberrationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paternal age and reproduction

Sartorius

Nieschlag

2009

Human Reproduction Update

286

210

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“…Longtemps considéré comme un simple tuyau, l'épididyme apparaît clairement maintenant comme un tissu essentiel à la fertilité mâle. Les phénomènes mis en exergue ici trouvent leur écho en clinique, comme en témoigne une littérature pléthorique qui atteste qu'une fraction importante des infertilités mâles est corrélée à des dommages oxydants des spermatozoïdes affectant la mobilité progressive, perturbant la capacité à réaliser la réaction acrosomique et conduisant à un niveau élevé de fragmentation nucléaire [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37] …”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Protection post-testiculaire des gamètes mâles contre les dommages radicalaires

2012

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> Lorsqu'ils quittent le testicule, les spermatozoïdes sont fonctionnellement immatures et disposent de moyens de défense intrinsèques limités. Ils deviendront mobiles et fécondants après leur descente et leur maturation progressive dans le tubule épididymaire. L'épididyme assure aussi la survie et la protection des gamètes mâles pendant cette phase de maturation posttesticulaire et pendant la période de stockage entre deux éjaculations. Parmi les agressions communes auxquelles les spermatozoïdes sont soumis, le stress oxydant occupe une place particulière et ambiguë. Les événements de la maturation épididymaire requièrent un certain niveau d'oxydation alors que le gamète mâle y est, par ailleurs, particulièrement sensible. Un équi-libre très fin entre oxydation ménagée bénéfique et stress oxydant délétère est ainsi maintenu dans l'environnement épididymaire. Les enzymes antioxydantes de la famille des peroxydases à glutathion à activité thiol peroxydase jouent un rôle clé dans le contrôle de cet équilibre. < Fonctions de l'épididyme dans la maturation et la protection des spermatozoïdes L'épididyme est un organe accolé au testicule, formé d'un très long tubule, fortement contourné, qui met en communication le testicule en amont via le rete testis et les canaux efférents avec le canal déférent en aval. C'est un dérivé du mésonéphros embryonnaire apparu chez les amniotes (reptiles, oiseaux, mammifères) qui atteint son plein déve-loppement chez les mammifères. Chez ces derniers, l'épididyme est impliqué dans le transport et la maturation des spermatozoïdes ainsi que, dans sa partie terminale (queue ou cauda), dans le stockage des spermatozoïdes entre deux éjaculations [1][2][3] (Figure 1). La maturation post-testiculaire des spermatozoïdes recouvre un ensemble de processus complexes qui vont progressivement modifier structurellement et fonctionnellement les gamètes en transit et ainsi leur conférer leurs aptitudes fécondantes, c'est-à-dire l'expression de leur motilité et la capacité à reconnaître la zone pellucide de l'ovule et à fusionner avec ce dernier. L'épithélium composite pseudostratifié du tubule épididymaire assure ces rôles essentiellement grâce à ses multiples activités de sécrétion et de réabsorption qui changent localement et séquentiellement la composition du fluide épididymaire dans lequel baignent les gamètes (pour une revue récente voir [4]). Une expérience simple qui illustre l'importance de ce tissu dans la fertilité mâle chez les mammifères consiste à tester les capacités fécondantes de gamètes prélevés dans différentes régions du tubule Un couple sur six dans le monde consulte en raison de difficultés à concevoir. Quand on retrace les origines de ces infertilités, un tiers mettent en cause les deux partenaires, un tiers sont uniquement d'origine féminine et un tiers uniquement d'origine masculine. Dans ce dernier groupe, il apparaît que, dans 50 % des cas, l'infertilité mâle est associée à un défaut de la spermatogenèse testiculaire. Pour l'autre moitié de ces infertilités mâles idiopathiques...

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“…In general, the mean percentage of sperm with abnormal DNA denaturation and abnormal DNA fragmentation in infertile men is 25% and 28%, respectively, compared with fertile men, at 10% and 13%, respectively. 33 Assuming that DNA damage arises solely from a failure to repair DNA breaks introduced during spermatogenesis, it could be expected that DNA damage would correlate well with low sperm concentration or poor morphology. Alternatively, if sperm DNA damage results mainly from the adverse effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS), then reduced sperm motility might be expected.…”

Section: Sperm Chromatin Dispersionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, the relative contribution of these two sources of DNA damage to sperm remains unknown. 33 Several studies have examined the association of sperm DNA integrity on reproductive outcomes after intrauterine insemination (IUI), IVF and IVF/ICSI. To date, there is little correlation between sperm DNA damage and fertilization rates with either IVF or IVF/ICSI.…”

Section: Sperm Chromatin Dispersionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Assessment of New Sperm Tests for Male Infertility

Natali

Turek

2011

Urology

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The routine semen analysis, although used for more than 50 years, fails to accurately distinguish between fertile and infertile men. As a consequence, many tests of sperm function (TSF) have been developed. This review discusses both older and newer diagnostic TSF. It outlines the principles underlying each assay and reviews aggregate clinical data to determine its current relevance and utility. It concludes that the relevance of many older TSF is questionable, with the wide acceptance of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Newer TSF have the potential to deliver more clinically relevant information but require more extensive study to better understand their predictive role in the ICSI era. UROLOGY 77: 1027-1034, 2011. © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.I n addition to the medical history and physical examination, the conventional semen analysis has been an essential laboratory test for the evaluation of male fertility for at least 50 years. However, the idea that fertility can be defined by threshold values of semen parameters is a concept that is fundamentally flawed. 1 Although not a true measure of fertility, the semen analysis, if abnormal, suggests that the probability of achieving fertility is lower than normal. 2 Because of biological variability, two semen analyses are generally needed, performed with two to three days of sexual abstinence and evaluated in a standardized fashion. 2 Recognized normal values for semen parameters are given in Table 1 in agreement with the latest recommendations by the World Health Organization (WHO). 2 Traditionally, (except for the latest WHO recommendations), these references are derived by expert consensus and not by prospective clinical trials and thus their true relationship to male fertility is unclear. In addition, the definition of what constitutes "normal" semen parameters is constantly challenged. A meta-analysis of 29 US studies of semen quality from 9612 fertile, or presumably fertile, men suggested that a sperm concentration of 98 million/mL is normal. 3 Although sperm motility is considered the "best" predictor of fertility, normal sperm motility ranges from 53% to 62%. 4 Thus, simply deriving "normal" semen parameters has been a prohibitively lengthy and inconclusive process to date.Finally, other biological variables affect the clinical utility of the semen analysis. In addition to wide intraindividual variation, seasonal 5 and geographic variation 4 further complicate the performance of the semen analysis as a fertility measure. As examples, within-subject, interejaculate coefficients of variation for sperm concentration and motility are estimated at 44.7% and 15% in one study. 1 Thus, even with excellent quality control, wide biological variation in semen quality profoundly challenges the notion that the conventional semen analysis can accurately assess male fertility. OLDER ADJUNCTIVE SPERM TESTSBecause of the need to more precisely characterize normal fertile semen, adjunctive semen testing has become popular (Figure 1). The concept behind de...

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Correlations between two markers of sperm DNA integrity, DNA denaturation and DNA fragmentation, in fertile and infertile men

Cited by 393 publications

References 17 publications

Paternal age and reproduction

Paternal age and reproduction

Protection post-testiculaire des gamètes mâles contre les dommages radicalaires

An Assessment of New Sperm Tests for Male Infertility

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