Correlations between segregation intensity and material properties such as particle sizes and adhesions and novel methods for assessment

Deng, Tong; Garg, Vivek; Salehi, Hamid; Bradley, M.S.A.

doi:10.1016/j.powtec.2021.04.023

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Mechanical damage reduces the shelf life of seeds by producing carbon dioxide gas and reducing dry weight [13][14][15]. Fractures, cracks and scratches on the seeds cause air and moisture to penetrate them and quick hydration of the living tissues, which reduces the ability to store and preserve the seeds [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of cushion box and closed let-down ladder usage on damage to corn during handling: physiological deterioration

Shahbazi

2022

Plant Methods

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Background Corn seeds have a high susceptibility to mechanical damage due to their large size and mass. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of the cushion box and closed let-down ladder usage in minimizing the negative influence of the free fall on the storage potential of corn seeds. Corn seeds were evaluated for the extent of physiological damage by measuring the seed deterioration by the accelerated aging test (percentage loss in germination in the accelerated aging test), using three drop methods (free fall, with cushion box, and with closed let-down ladder) at three drop heights (5, 10, and 15 m) and five different moisture contents (10, 15, 20 and 25%). Results The drop methods had a significant effect on the storage potential of corn seeds. Sample seeds dropped without a ladder (free fall) had a significantly higher average physiological quality loss of 13.87% (loss in accelerated aging germination). In the use of the cushion box, the average percentage loss in germination was calculated to be 11.38%, which was decreased by about 18% more than the free fall. Sample seeds dropped with the closed let-down ladder had a lower average percentage loss in the germination of 8.78%, which showed that the closed let-down ladder significantly helped to reduce mechanical damage to corn seeds by about 37% comparing free fall and by about 23% to the use of the cushion box. The amounts of loss in physiological quality of corn seeds increased significantly with increasing drop height and moisture content, but the use of the cushion box and closed let-down ladder systems somewhat reduced the adverse effect of the above factors. Empirical models were developed for the dependency of physiological damage to corn seeds due to the impact caused by free fall, on the drop height and moisture content at different drop methods. Conclusions To minimize mechanical damage to seeds as they fall into the bin, a let-down ladder should be installed in the bin so that it can receive seeds from the filling spout with minimum damage.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of cushion box and closed let-down ladder usage on damage to corn during handling: physiological deterioration

Shahbazi

2022

Plant Methods

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“…This was explained by reduced differences in particle mobility when intermediate-size fractions can be found interacting with small and large fractions. On the contrary, in pharmaceutically relevant studies, the span value of the size distribution either did not correlate with fluidization segregation indices [17], or the ratio of d 90 /d 10 was positively correlated with the rolling segregation index [14].…”

mentioning

confidence: 75%

“…The tester has served to find positive correlations between rolling segregation index and blend properties calculated by dividing the particle size ratio by the bond number (which in turn is defined as the ratio of a particle's adhesion force to its gravity). It has also helped to establish that spherical particles have more of a propensity for surface segregation than angular ones [14,31].…”

Section: Segregation Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Blend Segregation in Tablets Manufacturing and Its Effect on Drug Content Uniformity—A Review

Jakubowska

Ciepluch

2021

Pharmaceutics

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Content uniformity (CU) of the active pharmaceutical ingredient is a critical quality attribute of tablets as a dosage form, ensuring reproducible drug potency. Failure to meet the accepted uniformity in the final product may be caused either by suboptimal mixing and insufficient initial blend homogeneity, or may result from further particle segregation during storage, transfer or the compression process itself. This review presents the most relevant powder segregation mechanisms in tablet manufacturing and summarizes the currently available, up-to-date research on segregation and uniformity loss at the various stages of production process—the blend transfer from the bulk container to the tablet press, filling and discharge from the feeding hopper, as well as die filling. Formulation and processing factors affecting the occurrence of segregation and tablets’ CU are reviewed and recommendations for minimizing the risk of content uniformity failure in tablets are considered herein, including the perspective of continuous manufacturing.

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“…Since broken grains do not have a uniform shape, or smooth and uniform surface, compared with healthy grains, they do not spread evenly inside the tank. The uneven distribution of these fine particles and their concentration in one part of the silo bin (mostly in the central part of the bin) causes the nonuniform distribution of airflow paths during aeration or drying of grains and also does not distribute moisture and heat uniformly inside the bin, which causes nonisothermal and humidity points inside the bin and increases the risk of fungal and insect growth (Deng et al, 2021 ; Fan et al, 2017 ; Narendran et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of cushion box and closed let‐down ladder usage on impact damage to corn kernel during handling

Shahbazi

2022

Food Science & Nutrition

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The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of the cushion box and closed let‐down ladder usage in minimizing mechanical damage to corn kernels during free fall. Kernels from a single lot of cultivar KSC 705 were evaluated for percentage of breakage using three drop methods (free fall, with cushion box, and with closed let‐down ladder) at five different moisture contents (10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and 30%), and three drop heights (5, 10, and 15 m). The results showed that the drop methods had a significant effect on the breakage sensibility of kernels. Sample kernels dropped without a ladder (free fall) had a significantly higher average percentage breakage of 13.80%. In the use of the cushion box, the average kernel breakage was calculated to be 11.41%, which was decreased by about 17% more than the free fall. Sample kernels dropped with the closed let‐down ladder had a lower average breakage of 7.26%, which showed that the closed let‐down ladder significantly helped to reduce mechanical damage to corn kernels by about 47% comparing free fall and by about 37% than the use of the cushion box. The amounts of kernel damage increased significantly with increasing drop height and decreasing moisture content, but the use of the cushion box and closed let‐down ladder systems somewhat reduced the adverse effect of the above factors. To minimize mechanical damage to kernels as they fall into the bin, a grain let‐down ladder should be installed in the bin so that it can receive kernels from the filling spout with minimum damage. Empirical models were developed for the dependency of damage to corn kernels due to the impact caused by free fall on the drop height and moisture content at different drop methods.

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Correlations between segregation intensity and material properties such as particle sizes and adhesions and novel methods for assessment

Cited by 12 publications

References 24 publications

Effects of cushion box and closed let-down ladder usage on damage to corn during handling: physiological deterioration

Effects of cushion box and closed let-down ladder usage on damage to corn during handling: physiological deterioration

Blend Segregation in Tablets Manufacturing and Its Effect on Drug Content Uniformity—A Review

Effects of cushion box and closed let‐down ladder usage on impact damage to corn kernel during handling

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