Correlations between Complaints, Inflammatory Cells and Mediator Concentrations in Nasal Secretions after Nasal Allergen Challenge and during Natural Allergen Exposure

Wang, Deyun; Clement, Péter; Smitz, Johan; Waele, Marc De; Derde, Marie-Paule

doi:10.1159/000236855

Cited by 89 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…It is well known that following activation, mast cells release both vasoactive mediators and chemotactic mediators that attract inflammatory cells such as eosinophils [21, 28, 29, 30]. In the present study, we analysed histamine and tryptase levels in blood and/or nasal fluids from several groups of patients with polyps, i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the present study, we analysed histamine and tryptase levels in blood and/or nasal fluids from several groups of patients with polyps, i.e. non-allergic patients and patients sensitive either to HDMs or to Parietaria , in order to monitor the mast cell activation, and eosinophil and ECP levels in order to monitor eosinophil involvement [21, 28, 29, 30]. Furthermore, to gain insight into the pathophysiology of nasal polyps, the data were related to the severity of symptoms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a control, we studied patients with AR. In fact, the role of mast cells and eosinophils in the immediate hypersensitivity reaction of patients with AR has been strongly inferred both through the locally increased numbers of these cells during periods of disease exacerbation and through chemical evidence of participation documented by their specific products in nasal fluids during active disease [21, 28, 29, 30]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Analysis of variance showed that, among the variables studied, the presence of nasal polyps was the factor responsible for the higher levels of tryptase and histamine in nasal fluids, whereas allergy was not important. A role for mast cells in NP has been suggested [15, 29, 30, 31]. Nasal symptoms of itching, sneezing and watery rhinorrhoea may occur as a consequence of mast cell mediator release.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measurement of Inflammatory Mediators of Mast Cells and Eosinophils in Native Nasal Lavage Fluid in Nasal Polyposis

Lorenzo¹,

Drago²,

Pellitteri³

et al. 2001

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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Background: Nasal polyposis (NP) often coexists with asthma, rhinitis and sinusitis. Polyp histology typically shows chronic, eosinophilic inflammation. The inflammatory cell infiltrate generally includes eosinophils, lymphocytes, plasma cells and mast cells. Objective: To gain insight into the natural history of NP, we analysed mediator levels and leukocyte values in nasal fluids and eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), total IgE levels and eosinophils in the blood in several groups of both allergic and non-allergic patients with nasal polyps and in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR). Methods: Thirty-two patients with nasal polyps entered the study. As a control group, we studied 55 patients with AR, i.e. 20 patients with seasonal AR to grass pollen, 24 with AR sensitive to Parietaria and 11 with AR sensitive to house dust mite (HDM). Eighteen patients with nasal polyps were also allergic patients (8 were sensitive to Parietaria and 10 were sensitive to HDM), whereas 14 were non-allergic patients. Tryptase and histamine values were assayed in nasal fluids, whereas total IgE was determined in serum. ECP values were assayed both in nasal fluids and serum. Eosinophils were quantified both in the blood and nasal fluids. Results: Tryptase levels were significantly higher in the nasal lavages from patients with NP than in those from patients without NP (4.7 vs. 3.5 U/l, p < 0.001) and correlated with symptom scores (r_s = 0.42, p < 0.0001). The median levels of histamine in nasal fluids from patients with NP were also significantly higher than those observed in patients without NP (50.0 vs. 21.3 ng/ml, p < 0.001), but did not correlate with symptom scores. Finally, the median levels of ECP in nasal fluids from patients with NP were significantly higher than those observed in patients without NP (38.1 vs. 16.1 ng/ml, p < 0.001) and correlated with symptom scores (r_s = 0.38, p < 0.001). Analysis of variance showed that, among the variables studied, the presence of nasal polyps was the factor responsible for the higher levels of tryptase, histamine and ECP in nasal fluids. With regard to leukocyte counts in nasal fluids, no significant differences were observed between rhinitis patients with NP and those without NP. With regard to serum ECP and serum total IgE, no significant differences were detected between the two groups under study. Blood eosinophil levels in patients with NP were significantly higher than those observed in patients without NP (5.8 vs. 5.6, p = 0.002). Analysis of variance showed that both the presence of nasal polyps and the type of sensitisation were important. Considering the total symptom scores, no significant differences were observed between rhinitis patients with NP and those without NP. Conclusions: The present findings are consistent with the view that chronic eosinophil mucosal inflammatory disease in NP involves a self-sustaining mechanism, i.e. local release of inflammatory mediators, independent of allergen stimulation of nasal mucosa. Increased release of inflammat...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Measurement of Inflammatory Mediators of Mast Cells and Eosinophils in Native Nasal Lavage Fluid in Nasal Polyposis

Lorenzo¹,

Drago²,

Pellitteri³

et al. 2001

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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“…Furthermore, clinical observations have revealed that allergic rhinitis patients show nasal hyperresponsiveness to histamine and LTD 4 (8 -10). Since these chemical mediators have been reported to be involved in the induction of antigen-induced nasal responses (11,12), it is important to evaluate whether antigen-induced nasal responses are intensified when nasal hyperresponsiveness is being developed. However, due to limitations associated with clinical research, an adequate experimental model is indispensable for analysis of this vital issue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acquired Nasal Hyperresponsiveness Aggravates Antigen-Induced Rhinitis in the Guinea Pig

et al. 2003

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Abstract. Whether a state of nasal hyperresponsiveness influences antigen-induced biphasic nasal blockage and sneezing were examined using a guinea pig model of allergic rhinitis. Sensitized animals were challenged with an antigen, Japanese cedar pollen, once every week. Before the 13th challenge, the animals were randomly divided into 2 groups, and then the 13th challenge was performed (Groups A-0 and B-0). The 14th challenge was done on day 2 (Group A-2) and on day 7 (Group B-7) after the 13th challenge, on which nasal hyperresponsiveness was present and absent, respectively. Biphasic nasal blockage and sneezing after the challenge in Group A-2 were more severe than those in Group A-0, while those of Group B-7 were almost the same as those of Group B-0. An anti-histaminic, mepyramine, inhibited sneezing but not the biphasic nasal blockage in Group B-7. A cysteinyl leukotriene (CysLT) antagonist, pranlukast, suppressed the late nasal blockage but not the early blockage and sneezing in Group B-7. In contrast, in Group A-2, mepyramine significantly attenuated not only sneezing but also the early nasal blockage. Pranlukast significantly inhibited both nasal blockage and sneezing in Group A-2. In conclusion, nasal hyperresponsiveness aggravated the antigen-induced nasal responses, to which histamine and CysLTs considerably contributed.

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Positive allergen reaction in allergic and nonallergic rhinitis: a systematic review

Hamizan

Rimmer

Alvarado

et al. 2017

Int Forum Allergy Rhinol

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Background:The diagnosis of allergic rhinitis (AR) is based on cutaneous and serological assessment to determine immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated disease. However, discrepancies between these tests and nasal provocation exist. Patients diagnosed as non-allergic rhinitis (NAR) but with positive nasal allergen provocation test (NAPT) may represent a local allergic condition or entopy, still suitable to allergy interventions. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of nasal reactivity toward allergens among AR and NAR patients, and to describe the diagnostic characteristics of NAPT methodologies.Methods: EMBASE (1947-) and Medline (1946-) were searched until December 8, 2015. A search strategy was used to identify studies on AR or NAR patients subjected to diagnostic local nasal provocation. All studies providing original NAPT data among the AR or NAR population were included. Meta-analysis of proportion data was presented as a weighted probability % (95% confidence interval [CI]). Results:The search yielded 4504 studies and 46 were included. The probability of nasal allergen reactivity for the AR population was 86.3% (95% CI, 84.4 to 88.1) and in NAR was 24.7% (95% CI, 22.3 to 27.2). Reactivity was high with pollen for both AR 97.1% (95% CI, 94.2 to 99.2) and NAR 47.5% (95% CI, 34.8 to 60.4), and lowest with dust for both AR 79.1% (95% CI, 76.4 to 81.6) and NAR 12.2% (95% CI, 9.9 to 14.7). NAPT yielded high positivity when defined by subjective end-points: AR 91.0% (95% CI, 86.6 to 94.8) and NAR 30.2% (95% CI, 22.9 to 37.9); and lower with objective endpoints: AR 80.8% (95% CI, 76.8 to 84.5) and NAR 14.1% (95% CI, 11.2 to 17.2). Conclusion:Local allergen reactivity is demonstrated in 26.5% of patients previously considered non-allergic. Similarly, AR, when defined by skin-prick test (SPT) or serum specific IgE (sIgE), may lead to 13.7% of patients with inaccurate allergen sensitization or non-allergic etiologies. C 2017 ARS-AAOA, LLC. How to Cite this Article: Hamizan AW, Rimmer J, Alvarado R, et al. Positive allergen reaction in allergic and nonallergic rhinitis: a systematic review. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2017;7:868-877.

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Correlations between Complaints, Inflammatory Cells and Mediator Concentrations in Nasal Secretions after Nasal Allergen Challenge and during Natural Allergen Exposure

Cited by 89 publications

References 10 publications

Measurement of Inflammatory Mediators of Mast Cells and Eosinophils in Native Nasal Lavage Fluid in Nasal Polyposis

Measurement of Inflammatory Mediators of Mast Cells and Eosinophils in Native Nasal Lavage Fluid in Nasal Polyposis

Acquired Nasal Hyperresponsiveness Aggravates Antigen-Induced Rhinitis in the Guinea Pig

Positive allergen reaction in allergic and nonallergic rhinitis: a systematic review

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